{"id":4005,"date":"2024-06-26T02:40:20","date_gmt":"2024-06-26T02:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/?page_id=4005"},"modified":"2024-08-19T03:59:02","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T03:59:02","slug":"jcil-2024-91-article-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/jcil-2024-91-article-2\/","title":{"rendered":"JCIL 2024 9(1) Article 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_blurb title=&#8221;2024 9(1)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>JUNE 2024<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Cover-JCIL-2024-91.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Cover JCIL 2024 9(1)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Tajuk&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW178314447 BCX9\" lang=\"MS-MY\" xml:lang=\"MS-MY\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW178314447 BCX9\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"No Spacing\"><b><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW24809054 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Rich text content control paragraph\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW24809054 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW24809054 BCX8\">Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in Islamic Perspective: Challenges and Way Forward<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW178314447 BCX9\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"><br \/><\/span><\/strong><strong><span class=\"EOP SCXW178314447 BCX9\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"><br \/><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Penulis&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW90185089 BCX9\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"No Spacing\"><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW15335319 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Rich text content control paragraph\"><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW15335319 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Plain text content control\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW15335319 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW15335319 BCX8\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW257032320 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-MY\" xml:lang=\"EN-MY\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257032320 BCX8\">Azlin Alisa Ahmad<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW15335319 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Rich text content control paragraph\"><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW15335319 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Plain text content control\"><span class=\"ContentControlBoundarySink SCXW15335319 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em>\u200b<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW90185089 BCX9\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"No Spacing\">, <\/span><\/strong><em><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW90185089 BCX9\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"No Spacing\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW97260244 BCX9\" lang=\"MS-MY\" xml:lang=\"MS-MY\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW97260244 BCX9\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW241316111 BCX8\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW26739011 BCX8\" lang=\"MS-MY\" xml:lang=\"MS-MY\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW26739011 BCX8\">azlinalisa@ukm.edu.my<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><strong><br \/><\/strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW143129244 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">Research<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">Centre<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">for<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">Sharia<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7960388 BCX8\">, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">Faculty<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">of<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7960388 BCX8\"> Islamic <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW7960388 BCX8\">Studies<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7960388 BCX8\">, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nadiatul Athirah Mohd Sobri<\/strong><br \/>Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia<br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span>Received: April 29, 2024 | Revised: June 14, 2024 | Accepted: June 21, 2024 | Published: June 30, 2024<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Volume &#038; PDF&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">2024, Vol. 9(1), pp. 8-15. \u00a0| \u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Azlin-2024.pdf\">PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_tabs admin_label=&#8221;Abstract &#038; References&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Abstract&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"EOP SCXW181096222 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have recently <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">emerged<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> as a novel application of blockchain technology in digital asset transactions. However, the integration of NFTs into Islamic finance <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">remains<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> limited due to several unresolved Shariah issues. This qualitative study employs content analysis to review past studies on NFTs from a Shariah perspective. The primary focus areas include the compliance of NFT transactions with the pillars of sale (bay&#8217;), the classification of NFTs as wealth (mal) in Islamic law, the use of cryptocurrency in NFT transactions, and the copyright protection of NFTs as digital assets. The key challenges <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">identified<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> encompass the lack of clear Shariah parameters governing NFT mechanisms, differences in scholarly opinions, the prevalence of ambiguity and uncertainty in NFT valuation and ownership, the high carbon footprint associated with NFT platforms, and inadequate legal protection for users. To <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">facilitate<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> greater adoption of NFTs in Islamic finance, this paper recommends the formulation of comprehensive Shariah parameters and guidelines, enhancement of transparency in royalty distribution, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">utilization<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> of energy-efficient platforms, and the establishment of <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\">appropriate governance<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257400636 BCX8\"> frameworks. Mainstreaming a Shariah-compliant NFT ecosystem has the potential to drive innovation in Islamic fintech and the broader digital economy.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>KEYWORDS<br \/><span class=\"ContentControl SCXW179385071 BCX8\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Rich text content control paragraph\"><span class=\"ContentControlBoundarySink SCXW179385071 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<span class=\"TextRun SCXW222329315 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-MY\" xml:lang=\"EN-MY\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW222329315 BCX8\">Non-fungible token; Islamic finance; Shariah compliance; <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW222329315 BCX8\">f<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW222329315 BCX8\">intech<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW222329315 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW179385071 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;References&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ahmad Raihan. 2023. Perlindungan hak cipta atas Non-Fungible Token (NFT) sebagai aset digital di Indonesia. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tesis Sarjana, Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aji Teguh Prihatno, Naufal Suryanto, Sangbong Oh, Thi-Thu-Huong Le &amp; Howon Kim. 2023. NFT image plagiarism check using EfficientNet-Based Deep Neural Network with Triplet Semi-Hard Loss. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Applied Sciences<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 13(3072): 1-20.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alex Zarifis &amp; Luis A. Castro. 2022. The NFT purchasing process and the challenges to trust at each stage. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sustainability<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 14(16482): 1-13<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/i> <span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ammar Battah, Mohammad Madine, Ibrar Yaqoob, Khaled Salah, Haya R. Hasan &amp; Raja Jayaraman. 2022. Blockchain and NFTs for trusted ownership, trading, and access to AI models. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IEEE Access<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 10: 112230-112249.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Anatoli Colicev. 2023. How can Non-Fungible Tokens bring value to brands? <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">International Journal of Research in Marketing<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 40: 30\u201337.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Anon. 2019. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Non-Fungible Tokens: 101 Guide<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Slaid.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ante, L. 2022. The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market and its relationship with bitcoin and ethereum. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">FinTech<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 1: 216-224.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ardanu Bagas Wicaksono.\u00a0 2021.\u00a0 Bagaimana NFT dan Smart Contract dapat mempengaruhi kewangan Syariah. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alami Institute<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 27 Disember. https:\/\/ alami.institute\/learn\/nft-smart-contract-syariah [20 Julai 2023].<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Azrul Azlan Iskandar Mirza. 2023. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Isu-isu Syariah: Smart Contract, DeFI, Metaverse &amp; NFT<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Slaid. Muzakarah Cendekiawan Syariah Nusantara ke-17.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chandra, Y. 2022. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Non-Fungible Token-enabled entrepreneurship: a conceptual framework. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal of Business Venturing Insights<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 18 (e00323): 1-9.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chen, Z &amp; Omote, K. 2022. Toward achieving anonymous NFT trading. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IEEE Access<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 10: 130166-130176.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Christian Pinto-Guti\u00e9rrez, Sandra Gait\u00e1n, Diego Jaramillo &amp; Sim\u00f3n Velasquez. 2022. The NFT hype: what draws attention to Non-Fungible Tokens? <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mathematics <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10(335): 1-13.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dinar Standard. 2021. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Global<\/span><\/i> <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Islamic Fintech Report: <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1-56.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dominic Chalmers, Christian Fisch, Russell Matthews, William Quinn &amp; Jan Recker. 2022. Beyond the bubble: Will NFTs and digital proof of ownership empower creative industry entrepreneurs? <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal of Business Venturing Insights<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 17 (e00309): 1-8.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dong, YP &amp; Wang, CH. 2023. Copyright protection on NFT digital works in the Metaverse. Security and Safety 2: 2023013, pp. 1-14.\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/sands\/\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/sands\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dowling, M. 2022a. Fertile LAND: Pricing Non-Fungible Tokens. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Finance Research Letters<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 44 (102096): 1-5.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dowling, M. 2022b. Is Non-Fungible Token pricing driven by cryptocurrencies? <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Finance Research Letters<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 44 (102097): 1-6.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Faraz Adam.\u00a0 2021.\u00a0 NFTs: shariah compliant?\u00a0 <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Amanah Advisors<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 4 Mac. https:\/\/ amanahadvisors.com\/nfts-shariah-compliant\/ [5 Julai 2023].<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Florian Idelberger &amp; P\u00e9ter Mezei. 2022. Non-fungible Tokens. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Internet Policy Review<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 11(2): 1-9.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Foteini Valeonti, Antonis Bikakis, Melissa Terras, Chris Speed, Andrew Hudson-Smith &amp; Konstantinos Chalkias. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2021. Crypto collectibles, museum funding and OpenGLAM: challenges, opportunities and the potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Applied Sciences<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 11(9931): 1-19.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Frankenfield, J. 2022. October 27. Non-Fungible Token (NFT). <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Investopedia<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 27 October. https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/non-fungible-tokens-nft-5115211.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gustira Hidayatul Iman. 2022. Transaksi jual beli Non-Fungible Token (NFT) perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tesis Sarjana, Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hilal Azmi. 2022. Meneroka pasaran AS$1 trilion dalam dunia baharu digital. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Astro Awani<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 15 Mei. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astroawani.com\/berita-malaysia\/meneroka-pasaran-1-trilion-dalam-dunia-baharu-digital-361450%20%5b20\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">https:\/\/www.astroawani.com\/berita-malaysia\/meneroka-pasaran-1-trilion-dalam-dunia-baharu-digital-361450 [20<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Julai 2023].\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hisny Fajrussalam et al. 2022. Pandangan Islam terhadap NFT di era digital. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">As-Sabiqun: Jurrnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 4(1): 151-162.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hong Bao &amp; David Roubaud. 2021. Recent development in Fintech: Non-Fungible Token. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">FinTech<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 1: 44\u201346.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Igor Bonifacic. 2022. Over 80 percent of NFTs minted for free on OpenSea are fake, plagiarized, or spam. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Engadget<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 29 Jan. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/opensea-free-minting-tool-220008042.html?_fsig=v8QHd2_W_XYBhoFZFEolHA--%7EA\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/opensea-free-minting-tool-220008042.html?_fsig=v8QHd2_W_XYBhoFZFEolHA&#8211;%7EA<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> [28 Julai 2023].\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jon Truby, Rafael Dean Brown, Andrew Dahdal &amp; Imad Ibrahim. 2022. Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of Non-Fungible Tokens and Bitcoin. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Energy Research &amp; Social Science<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 88 (102499): 1-14.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Juliet M. Moringiello &amp; Christopher K. Odinet. 2022. The property law of tokens. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Florida Law Review <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">74: 608-671.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logan Kugler. 2021. Non-Fungible Tokens and the future of art. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Communications of The ACM <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">64(9): 19-20.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2023\">\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Labib Fahmi Arif, H. Hendri Tanjung &amp; Hj. Qurroh Ayuniyyah. 2023. Wakaf aset digital: Non-Fungible Token (NFT). <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan &amp; Bisnis Syariah <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">5(4): 1766-1787.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Matthieu Nadini, Laura Alessandretti, Flavio Di Giacinto, Mauro Martino, Luca Maria Aiello &amp; Andrea Baronchelli. 2021. Mapping the NFT revolution: market trends, trade networks and visual features. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scientific Reports<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 11(20902).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mayukh Mukhopadhyay &amp; Kaushik Ghosh. 2021. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Market microstructure of Non-Fungible Tokens. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Five Shades of Emerging Business Cases<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 3: 26-38.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mochammad Tanzil Multazam. 2022. Exploring the legal and policy implications of Non-Fungible Tokens. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jurnal Politik dan Pemerintahan Daerah<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 4(2): 293-303.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mohammad Madine, Khaled Salah, Raja Jayaraman &amp; Jamal Zemerly. 2023. NFTs for open-source and commercial software licensing and royalties. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IEEE Access<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 11: 8734-8746.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mumtaza Wafda Imala. 2023. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Transaksi jual beli Non-Fungible Token (NFT) perspektif fatwa DSN MUI nomor 110 tahun 2017 dan akad jual beli. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tesis Sarjana, Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Muamalah), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Mas Said Surakarta.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nafis Alam.\u00a0 2021. F<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">intech and the future of finance- rise of NFTs and BNPL<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0 <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC)<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 28 September. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">https:\/\/blog. mdec. my\/ ?p=1263<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> [6 Julai 2023].<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nur Rizqi Febriandika, Fadli &amp; Denizar Abdurrahman Mi&#8217;raj. 2022. How are NFT (Non-Fungible Token) transactions reviewed according to Islamic law? <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Borobudur Law Review<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 4(1): 1-12.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Perbadanan Ekonomi Digital Malaysia (MDEC). 2020. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">MDEC<\/span><\/i> <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Islamic Fintech Report: <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1-19.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Shofa Robbani &amp; Ifa Khoiria Ningrum. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2022. Non-Fungible Token sebagai aset digital dalam pandangan fiqh muamalah. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At-Tuhfah: Jurnal Studi Keislaman <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">11(2): 1-23.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Siti Saroh, Listian Indriyani Achmad, Muhammad Hamdan Ainulyaqin &amp; Sarwo Edy. 2023. Analisis transaksi digital Non-Fungible Token (NFT) sebagai instrumen investasi menurut perspektif ekonomi Islam. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 9(01): 378-386<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Soualhi, Y. 2023. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Shariah Issues &#8211; Smart Contract, DeFI &amp; NFT<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Slaid. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Muzakarah Cendekiawan Syariah Nusantara ke-17. <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">https:\/\/muzakarah.inceif.edu.my\/kertas-kerja\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sundari, Siti Nur Faiza &amp; Lailatul Rahma. 2022. Business analysis of selling and buying Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) at marketplace OpenSea according to the perspective of Islamic law. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El-Qist: Journal Economics and Business (JIEB)<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 12: 1-16.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Xeril Ghaisani Preshila &amp; Asep Ramdan Hidayat. 2022. Analisis fikih muamalah pada praktik transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) di OpenSea. <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jurnal Riset Perbankan Syariah (JRPS)<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 1(2): 77-84.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:540,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:540}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Yavuz Toraman &amp; Bar\u0131\u015f Batuhan Gecit. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2023. User acceptance of Metaverse: an analysis for e-commerce in the framework of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sosyoekonomi<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 31(55): 85-104<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JUNE 2024Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in Islamic Perspective: Challenges and Way ForwardAzlin Alisa Ahmad\u200b\u200b, azlinalisa@ukm.edu.myResearch Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Nadiatul Athirah Mohd SobriResearch Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaReceived: April 29, 2024 | Revised: June 14, 2024 | Accepted: June 21, 2024 | Published: June 30, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4005","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4005"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4207,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4005\/revisions\/4207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jcil\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}