{"id":3265,"date":"2021-06-12T08:24:32","date_gmt":"2021-06-12T00:24:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?post_type=article&#038;p=3265"},"modified":"2021-09-09T12:30:39","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T04:30:39","slug":"demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"fontstyle0\">In 2009, Malaysia was ranked as the world\u2019s 11<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">th <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">higher education exporter. However, only 2% of international students enrolled in Malaysia for the same year. In addressing the problem, this research proposes an analysis of Malaysia\u2019s higher education demand from a macro perspective. This is important in getting a holistic view on the international demand for the country\u2019s higher education industry, as well as complementing existing micro-researches which specialize in individual demand. All importers (<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">ASEAN <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">countries) have been classified based on the World Bank\u2019s income classification, namely low-income, lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income and high-income. Three variables namely per capita income, consumer price index and physical distance are used in describing the demand. The findings of the study prove that different income classification results in different demand. The identification of high-potential importing countries is essential in achieving a total of 200,000 international enrolments by 2020, as outlined in the Malaysia economic transformation program.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[411,306,409,410,53],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-jem","post-3265","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-asean","tag-gravity-model","tag-higher-education","tag-international-student","tag-malaysia","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In 2009, Malaysia was ranked as the world\u2019s 11th higher education exporter. However, only 2% of international students enrolled in Malaysia for the same year. In addressing the problem, this research proposes an analysis of Malaysia\u2019s higher education demand from a macro perspective. This is important in getting a holisticContinue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-09T04:30:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\\\/\",\"name\":\"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-12T00:24:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-09T04:30:39+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/demand-for-malaysian-higher-education-among-asean-countries-an-income-classification-based-analysis\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"In 2009, Malaysia was ranked as the world\u2019s 11th higher education exporter. 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