{"id":3371,"date":"2021-06-12T11:14:56","date_gmt":"2021-06-12T03:14:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?post_type=article&#038;p=3371"},"modified":"2023-10-11T12:03:10","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T04:03:10","slug":"determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\/","title":{"rendered":"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The present study uses the Gravity type approach for panel data spanning from 1998 to 2009 to identify demand and supply factors in the Malaysian tourism industry. The findings reveal that the market size for both destination and source countries, country that share common border and common language with Malaysia are major factors that increases inbound international tourist and thus increase the tourist receiptin Malaysia. On the other hand, shorter distance and lower transportation costs also attract more tourists. The role of the exchange rate and the cost of living<br \/>\nare equally important, as the depreciation of the Ringgit Malaysia (RM) and the lower cost of living attract more tourists to Malaysia. Alongside demand factors, the present study also examines supply factors, such as room availability and various components of infrastructure. The number of hotel rooms; quality in road infrastructure; and air transport infrastructure appear to be an important factor among international tourists.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[451,306,53,152],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-jem","post-3371","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-demand-factors","tag-gravity-model","tag-malaysia","tag-tourism","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The present study uses the Gravity type approach for panel data spanning from 1998 to 2009 to identify demand and supply factors in the Malaysian tourism industry. The findings reveal that the market size for both destination and source countries, country that share common border and common language with MalaysiaContinue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-11T04:03:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\\\/\",\"name\":\"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-12T03:14:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-11T04:03:10+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-international-tourism-in-malaysia-evidence-from-gravity-model\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"The present study uses the Gravity type approach for panel data spanning from 1998 to 2009 to identify demand and supply factors in the Malaysian tourism industry. 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