{"id":3852,"date":"2021-06-12T16:26:21","date_gmt":"2021-06-12T08:26:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?post_type=article&#038;p=3852"},"modified":"2021-09-09T12:29:58","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T04:29:58","slug":"free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/","title":{"rendered":"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"fontstyle0\">Malaysia unilaterally reduced its tariff and expanded its bilateral manufactured exports in the 1990s. However, in the 2000s, Malaysia signed a growing number of free trade agreements (<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">) to lower its tariff among member countries. this study examines the impact of the growing number of <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">s on Malaysia\u2019s bilateral manufactured exports at industry level in general and based on production sharing in particular over the period of 1990 to 2016 by three-year average. <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">-and-foreign input interaction term is embedded in the gravity equation model to examine the extent of <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">s in expanding production sharing-based bilateral manufactured exports. the empirical results of this study are based on dynamic panel system generalized method of moments (S<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">YS-GMM<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">) technique where <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">dummies are weakly exogenous. The findings show that the <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">ASEAN <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">Free trade Area (<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">AFTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">) and bilateral trade agreements have significant impact on Malaysia\u2019s non-resource-based exports and are associated with production sharing; while <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">AFTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">-plus-one shows no evidence of diverting Malaysian production sharing-based bilateral manufactured exports from its member countries. Moreover, <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">formation has no relation to the Malaysian resource-based exports. the proliferation of <\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">FTA<\/span><span class=\"fontstyle0\">s does not assure net export-enhancing effect on manufacturing activities among member countries, but is largely associated with international production sharing.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[511,306,512,510,513],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-jem","post-3852","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-free-trade-agreements","tag-gravity-model","tag-international-production-sharing","tag-international-trade","tag-manufacturing-in-malaysia","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Malaysia unilaterally reduced its tariff and expanded its bilateral manufactured exports in the 1990s. However, in the 2000s, Malaysia signed a growing number of free trade agreements (FTA) to lower its tariff among member countries. this study examines the impact of the growing number of FTAs on Malaysia\u2019s bilateral manufacturedContinue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-09T04:29:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-12T08:26:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-09T04:29:58+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"Malaysia unilaterally reduced its tariff and expanded its bilateral manufactured exports in the 1990s. However, in the 2000s, Malaysia signed a growing number of free trade agreements (FTA) to lower its tariff among member countries. this study examines the impact of the growing number of FTAs on Malaysia\u2019s bilateral manufacturedContinue Reading","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/","og_site_name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485","article_modified_time":"2021-09-09T04:29:58+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@EkonomiJurnal","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/","name":"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-06-12T08:26:21+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-09T04:29:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/free-trade-agreements-and-production-sharing-in-malaysian-manufacturing-industries\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Articles","item":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Free Trade Agreements and Production Sharing in Malaysian Manufacturing Industries"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/","name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","description":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#organization","name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png","width":512,"height":308,"caption":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485","https:\/\/x.com\/EkonomiJurnal"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/3852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/3852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3860,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/3852\/revisions\/3860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3852"},{"taxonomy":"jel-code","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/jel-code?post=3852"},{"taxonomy":"article-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article-type?post=3852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}