{"id":4822,"date":"2021-06-14T18:39:18","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T10:39:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?post_type=article&#038;p=4822"},"modified":"2021-09-09T12:29:55","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T04:29:55","slug":"the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\/","title":{"rendered":"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) is a phenomenon in the world trading system. The number of FTA establishments has increased tremendously, from 55 in 1995 to more than 250 by end of 2014. Malaysia alone has signed twelve FTAs involving twenty trading partners. Using the most aggregated data at the Harmonized System six digit level from 1994 to 2014, this paper examines the impacts of twelve Malaysian FTAs on two trade adjustments: namely, extensive and intensive margins. Our results show that, for most of the FTAs, the trade is created along the intensive margin when FTAs enter into force. Interestingly, most of them are regional FTAs in which there has been a shift in overall trade patterns\u2014a 4.0% reduction in trade of new products (extensive margin) generated from bilateral FTAs to a 41.6% increase in trade of existing products (intensive margin) from when regional FTAs entered into force. These findings may be contrary to the views that countries prefer to negotiate and sign more bilateral FTAs because of the trade benefits that may be gained from deeper market access than is possible with regional FTAs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[827,826,306,828,518],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-jem","post-4822","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-extensive-margin","tag-fta","tag-gravity-model","tag-intensive-margin","tag-liberalization","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) is a phenomenon in the world trading system. The number of FTA establishments has increased tremendously, from 55 in 1995 to more than 250 by end of 2014. Malaysia alone has signed twelve FTAs involving twenty trading partners. Using the most aggregated dataContinue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-09T04:29:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-14T10:39:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-09T04:29:55+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/the-impacts-of-malaysian-free-trade-agreements-on-margins-of-trade\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Impacts of Malaysian Free Trade Agreements on Margins of Trade | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"The proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) is a phenomenon in the world trading system. 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