{"id":856,"date":"2021-05-27T18:12:50","date_gmt":"2021-05-27T18:12:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jem.cloudaccess.host\/?article=kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih"},"modified":"2021-09-09T12:31:56","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T04:31:56","slug":"kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/","title":{"rendered":"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dasar fiskal sememangnya penting dalam mencapai keseimbangan dan kestabilan ekonomi. Justeru, objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menguji kointegrasi antara hasil awam, belanja awam dan output bagi sektor pertahanan, sektor keselamatan serta sektor tenaga dan air. Analisis ini penting memandangkan permintaan masyarakat terhadap barangan awam di sektor tersebut menjadi semakin kompleks apabila pendapatan negara semakin meningkat seperti kes Malaysia. Menerusi aplikasi model Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) terhadap data siri masa fiskal bagi tempoh 30 tahun bermula 1986 sehingga 2016, tiga dapatan penting telah diperolehi. Pertama, umumnya Malaysia mengamalkan hipotesis belanja-hasil. Kedua, wujudnya teori Wagner bagi ketiga-tiga sektor terbabit. Ketiga, sektor pertahanan serta sektor tenaga dan air mempraktiskan hipotesis hasil-belanja manakala sektor keselamatan mengamalkan hipotesis pengasingan institusi. Kesemua dapatan ini menuntut agar pengukuhan fiskal dilakukan dalam ketiga-tiga sektor terbabit bagi merancakkan lagi pertumbuhan ekonomi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[9,35,56,58,69],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-khairul23","post-856","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-belanja-awam","tag-hasil-awam","tag-model-autoregressive-distributed-lag-ardl","tag-output-negara","tag-sektor-awam","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"\nKointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dasar fiskal sememangnya penting dalam mencapai keseimbangan dan kestabilan ekonomi. Justeru, objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menguji kointegrasi antara hasil awam, belanja awam dan output bagi sektor pertahanan, sektor keselamatan serta sektor tenaga dan air. Analisis ini penting memandangkan permintaan masyarakat terhadap barangan awam di sektor tersebut menjadi semakinContinue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-09T04:31:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\\\/\",\"name\":\"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-27T18:12:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-09T04:31:56+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"Dasar fiskal sememangnya penting dalam mencapai keseimbangan dan kestabilan ekonomi. Justeru, objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menguji kointegrasi antara hasil awam, belanja awam dan output bagi sektor pertahanan, sektor keselamatan serta sektor tenaga dan air. Analisis ini penting memandangkan permintaan masyarakat terhadap barangan awam di sektor tersebut menjadi semakinContinue Reading","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/","og_site_name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485","article_modified_time":"2021-09-09T04:31:56+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@EkonomiJurnal","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/","name":"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-05-27T18:12:50+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-09T04:31:56+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/kointegrasi-antara-perbelanjaan-awam-hasil-awam-dan-output-bagi-sektor-terpilih\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Articles","item":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Kointegrasi Antara Perbelanjaan Awam, Hasil Awam dan Output bagi Sektor Terpilih"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/","name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","description":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#organization","name":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png","width":512,"height":308,"caption":"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485","https:\/\/x.com\/EkonomiJurnal"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2544,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/856\/revisions\/2544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=856"},{"taxonomy":"jel-code","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/jel-code?post=856"},{"taxonomy":"article-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article-type?post=856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}