{"id":9090,"date":"2025-10-31T09:13:28","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T01:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/?post_type=article&#038;p=9090"},"modified":"2025-11-28T15:56:20","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T07:56:20","slug":"determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\/","title":{"rendered":"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>The use of e-cigarettes has detrimental effects on health. It is common among the adolescent population. This study provides important insights into the associations between demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, pocket money, and smoking habits) and e-cigarette expenditure. Data were extracted from the Tobacco and E-Cigarette Survey among Malaysian Adolescents. An ordered probit model was employed to assess factors influencing different levels of expenditure on e-cigarettes among adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. Adolescents with high expenditure on e-cigarettes tended to be older, male, Malay, and smokers. Adolescents who had not been taught about the dangers of cigarette smoking, thought that quitting the use of e-cigarettes was not difficult, believed e-cigarettes to be less harmful compared to cigarettes, were exposed to health-related images and texts on cigarette packs, and were unaware of posters or pamphlets on the dangers of e-cigarettes, tended to spend large amounts of money on e-cigarettes. This study highlights the roles of demographic factors, knowledge, and awareness of cigarettes and e-cigarettes in influencing adolescents\u2019 decisions to spend on e-cigarettes. Therefore, targeted anti-e-cigarette programmes and further reductions in e-cigarette use are necessary.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","tags":[1955,1956,1957,1959,1958],"jel-code":[],"article-type":[1329],"class_list":["entry","author-asriwn","post-9090","article","type-article","status-publish","tag-adolescents","tag-awareness","tag-demographic-factors","tag-e-cigarettes","tag-knowledge","article-type-normal-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The use of e-cigarettes has detrimental effects on health. It is common among the adolescent population. This study provides important insights into the associations between demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, pocket money, and smoking habits) and e-cigarette expenditure. Data were extracted from the Tobacco and E-Cigarette Survey among Malaysian Adolescents.Continue Reading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-28T07:56:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EkonomiJurnal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\\\/\",\"name\":\"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-31T01:13:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-28T07:56:20+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/article\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"description\":\"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/cropped-browser-icon-letter-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ukm.my\\\/jem\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Jurnal-Ekonomi-Malaysia-JEM-104142808087485\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/EkonomiJurnal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/jem\/article\/determinants-of-e-cigarette-expenditure-among-malaysian-school-going-adolescents\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Determinants of E-Cigarette Expenditure Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents | Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia","og_description":"The use of e-cigarettes has detrimental effects on health. 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