Sains Malaysiana 31: 57-63 (2002)                                                                                                Sains Fizis dan Gunaan /

Physical and Applied Sciences

 

Modifikasi Kimia ke atas Getah Asli Cecair

dengan Kaedah Penghidroklorinan

(Chemical Modification of Liquid Natural Rubber

Via Hydrochlorination)

 

 

Rusli Daik, Mohd Norhisham Satiar & Ibrahim Abdullah

Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Modifikasi kimia ke atas getah asli cecair telah dijalankan melalui tindak balas penghidroklorinan dalam pelarut benzena dengan melalukan gas hidrogen klorida yang dihasilkan daripada tindak balas antara asid sulfurik pekat dan ammonium klorida. Hasil tindak balas merupakan pepejal lembut berwarna perang pekat. Kehadiran klorin dalam sampel telah ditentukan menggunakan analisis unsur dan spektroskopi FTIR. Puncak pada 736 cm-1 dalam spektrum FTIR bagi sampel getah asli cecair terhidroklorin menunjukkan wujudnya ikatan C-CI. Analisis termogravimetri menunjukkan getah asli cecair terhidroklorin kurang stabil terhadap haba berbanding dengan getah asli cecair yang asal. Berdasarkan analisis unsur, penentuan nombor iodin, spektroskopi FTIR dan analisis termogravimetri, sampel dengan darjah penghidroklorinan sebesar 35 dan 62 % telah berjaya dihasilkan.

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Chemical modification of liquid matural rubber was carried out via hydrochlorination reaction. Hydrogen chloride that was produced from the reaction between ammonium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid was bubbled into liquid natural rubber solution in benzene. The product was a soft solid in dark brown colour. The presence of chlorine in the samples produced was detected using elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. The peak at 736 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum of the hydroclorinated samples indicated the presence of C-C1 vibration. Thermogravimetry analysis showed that the hyrdrochlorinated product was less stable against heat as compared to the orginal samples. Samples of hydrochlorinated liquid natural rubber with degree of hydrochlorination of 35 and 62% were successfully prepared as calculated based on results obtained from elemental analysis, determina­tion of iodine number, FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

 

 

RUJUKAN/REFERENCES

 

Brydson, I.A.1978. Rubber Chemistry. London: App. Sci. Publisher Ltd. 11-22.

Bunn, C.W. & Garner, E.V. 1942. The Crystal Structure of Rubber Hydrochloride. London. 654-658.

Crarnpsey, E., Gordon, M., & Taylor, J.S. 1953. Kinetics and Mechanism of Hyrdrochlorination of Synthetic and Natural Polyisoprene Latex. London. 39:25­3-93l.

Golub, M.A. & Heller, U. 1964. Remarks on The Hydrochlorination of 1, 4­-polyisoprene. Journal of Polymer Science (B2): 723-733.

Ibrahim Abdullah & Sahrim Ahmad. 1992. Liquid Natural Rubber as a Compatibilizer in the Blending of Natural Rubber with Polypropylene. Material Forum 16: 353-­357.

Ibrahim Abdullah & Zuriati Zakaria. 1989. Pendepolimeran Fotokimia Getah Asli. Sains Malaysiana 18(2): 99-109.

Sahrim Ahmad, Ibrahim Abdullah & Che Som Sulaiman. 1995.  Blending of Natural Rubber with Linear Low-Density Polyethylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58:  1125-1133.

Seow, P.K. & See. T.M.S. 1977.  Chemical Modification On Natural Rubber. Proc. Symp. Improving The Quality of Life in Malaysia. The Role of Chemistry 229-246.

Xanthos, M. & Dali, S.S. 1991. Compatibilization of Polymer Blends by Reactive Processing. Journal of Polymer Engineering Science 31(5): 929-935.

 

 

 

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