Sains Malaysiana 41(2)(2012): 245–252

Analisis Kinetik Pengeringan Rumpai Laut Gracilaria changii Menggunakan Sistem Pengering Suria

(Drying Kinetics Analysis of Seaweed Gracilaria changii using Solar Drying System)

Mohd. Yusof Hj Othman*

Institut Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E.

Malaysia

Ahmad Fudholi, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan & Muhammad Yahya

Solar Energy Research Institutem Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

Received: 16 May 2011 / Accepted: 9 August 2011

ABSTRAK

Sistem pengering suria untuk pengeringan hasil pertanian dan laut telah direka bentuk, dibina dan diuji dalam suasana cuaca di Malaysia. Sistem pengeringan suria yang dibina, diuji untuk mengeringkan rumpai laut Gracilaria changii. Rumpai laut yang dikeringkan mempunyai kandungan air sekitar 95% asas berat basah untuk menghasilkan produk kering yang mempunyai kandungan air 10%. Proses pengeringannya mengambil masa selama kira-kira 7 jam, pada purata keamatan sinaran suria 593 W/m2 dan kadar aliran udara pengering 0.0613 kg/s. Pemadanan tiga model pengeringan telah dilakukan dengan data uji kaji pengeringan rumpai laut menggunakan sistem pengering suria pada suhu udara purata dalam kebuk 50oC dan purata kelembapan relatif udara 20%. Kejituan padanan model ditentukan berdasarkan nilai R2 yang paling tinggi, juga nilai MBE dan RMSE yang paling rendah. Kajian ini mendapati model pengeringan rumpai laut yang sesuai adalah model pengeringan Page dibandingkan dengan model pengeringan yang lain (model pengeringan Newton dan model Henderson dan Pabis).

Kata kunci: Kinetik pengeringan; model pengeringan; rumpai laut; sistem pengering suria

ABSTRACT

A solar drying system suitable for agricultural and marine products have been designed, constructed and evaluated under Malaysia climatic conditions. The solar drying system has been constructed and evaluated for the drying of seaweed Gracilaria changii. The initial and final moisture content of seaweed are 95% (wet basis) and 10% (product basis), respectively. The drying time was about 7 hours at average solar radiation of 593 W/m2 and air flow rate of 0.0613 kg/s. Three different thin-layer drying models were compared with experimental data, during the drying of seaweed using the solar drying system at average temperature and humidity of about 50oC and 20%, respectively. The one with highest R2 and lowest MBE and RMSE was selected to better estimate the drying curves. The study showed that the Page model was better fit to drying seaweed compared to the other models (Newton model, and Henderson and Pabis model).

Keywords: Drying kinetics; drying modelling; seaweed; solar drying system

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*Corresponding author; email: myho@ukm.my