Sains Malaysiana 41(2)(2012): 271–275

Comparison of Tooth Size Discrepancy of Three Main Ethnics in Malaysia with

Bolton’s Ratio

(Perbandingan Diskrepansi Saiz Gigi di antara Tiga Etnik Majoriti  di Malaysia

dengan Nisbah Bolton)

Aida Nur Ashikin Abd. Rahman

Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia

Siti Adibah Othman*

Department of Children’s Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry

University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Received: 30 September 2010 / Accepted: 21 July 2011

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of Bolton’s ratios in orthodontic population of Malaysian main ethnics; Malay, Chinese and Indians. Ninety convenient samples consisting of 30 pre-orthodontic study casts from each ethnic that fits the inclusion criteria were selected. The greatest mesiodistal widths of each tooth from six to six for overall ratio and three to three for anterior ratio were measured using a digital callipers linked to Hamilton Arch Tooth System software to the nearest 0.01mm. Means of the ratios were calculated using Bolton analysis. One sample t-test statistic analysis was carried out to compare the means with Bolton values of anterior ratio and overall ratio and one-way ANOVA was used to analyze comparison between ethnic groups of the anterior ratio and the overall ratio with the level of statistical significance set at p < 0.05. However, there were no significant differences when comparing Bolton values with Chinese and Indian anterior and overall ratios. The Bolton standards could be applied to Malaysian Chinese, Indians and Malay’s female. Subsequently, a specific standard should be used for the Malays orthodontic population.

Keywords: Bolton’s ratio; Malaysian ethnics; tooth size discrepancy

ABSTRAK

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan nisbah Bolton dalam populasi ortodontik etnik utama Malaysia iaitu; Melayu, Cina dan India. Sembilan puluh sampel selesa terdiri daripada 30 tuangan kajian pra-ortodontik daripada setiap etnik yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi telah dipilih. Kelebaran mesiodistal terbesar dari setiap gigi dari gigi enam ke enam untuk nisbah keseluruhan dan tiga ke tiga untuk nisbah anterior diukur dengan menggunakan kaliper digital yang di sambung dengan perisian “Hamilton Arch Tooth System” ke 0.01 mm yang terdekat. Min nisbah dikira menggunakan analisis Bolton. Satu sampel ujian-t analisis statistik dilakukan untuk membandingkan min dengan nilai Bolton nisbah anterior dan nisbah secara keseluruhan dan “one-way ANOVA” digunakan untuk membandingkan antara kumpulan etnik nisbah anterior dan nisbah secara keseluruhan dengan tahap tekal statistik ditetapkan pada p <0.05. Namun, tidak ada perbezaan yang tekal dalam nilai Bolton dengan nisbah anterior dan secara keseluruhan Cina dan India. Standard Bolton boleh diaplikasikan pada kaum Cina, India dan perempuan Melayu di Malaysia. Selanjutnya, piawaian tertentu harus digunakan untuk penduduk ortodontik Melayu.

Kata kunci: Diskrepansi saiz gigi; etnik di Malaysia; nisbah Bolton

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*Corresponding author; email: sitiadibah@um.edu.my