Sains Malaysiana 46(12)(2017): 2441–2445

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-20

 

Bio-Oil and Biochar Derived from the Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell for Briquette

(Minyak Biologi dan Abu Biologi Janaan daripada Pirolisis Isirung Kelapa Sawit untuk Briket)

 

NURHAYATI ABDULLAH1, FAUZIAH SULAIMAN1 & AMINU ALIYU SAFANA1,2*

 

1Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

2Department of Physics, Federal University Dutes (FUD), Nigeria

 

Received: 8 March 2017/Accepted: 4 May 2017

 

 

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to produce briquette from the mixture of pyrolysis products. Palm shell was pyrolyzed at a temperature of 400°C for 2 h holding time and heating rate of 10°C/min. The biochar and bio-oil ratio was prepared at 3:1 weight percentages for briquette. The viscosity of bio-oil was improved to increase the bonding forces. The characterization of biochar, bio-oil, coal and briquette were analyzed and presented in this study. The density and compressive strength of briquette were, respectively, found to be 0.94 gcm-3 and 3.20 Nmm-2. The shatter and water resistance of briquette were established to be 97 and 96 wt. %, respectively. The high heating value (HHV) of briquette was 29.6 MJkg-1 greater than that of Malaysian sub-bituminous coal 24.6 MJkg-1. It implies that the briquette produced is stable, durable and qualitative. Therefore, it can be concluded that the briquette can substitute coal in some applications.

 

Keywords: Biochar; bio-oil; briquette; pyrolysis

 

ABSTRAK

Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan briket daripada campuran produk pirolisis. Isirung kelapa sawit telah dipirolisis pada suhu 400ºC selama 2 jam dengan kadar pemanasan 10ºC/min. Nisbah peratus berat abu dan minyak bagi briket yang terhasil adalah 3:1. Kelikatan minyak bio telah ditambahbaik untuk meningkatkan daya ikatan. Ciri abu, arang batu dan briket telah dianalisis dan dibincang dalam kajian ini. Ketumpatan dan kekuatan mampatan briket adalah 0.94 gcm-3 dan 3.20 Nmm-2. Rintangan pecahan dan air briket yang tercapai masing-masing adalah 97 and 96 % bt. Nilai pemanas tinggi (HHV) briket adalah 29.6 MJkg-1 dan lebih tinggi daripada arang batu bitumen Malaysia, iaitu 24.6 MJkg-1. Ini menunjukkan bahawa briket yang terhasil adalah stabil dan tahan lama. Kesimpulannya, briket yang terhasil boleh menggantikan arang batu dalam kegunaan tertentu.

 

Kata kunci: Abu biologi; briket; minyak biologi; pirolisis

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*Corresponding author; email: basalihe2@gmail.com

 

 

 

 

 

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