Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2617–2624

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-04

 

Induction of Polyploid Tillered Onion using Colchicine and Pendimethalin

(Aruhan Poliploid Bawang Bercelaga menggunakan Kolkisin dan Pendimethalin)

 

JIAN REN1,2, XIAOXU WU1,2, CE SONG1,2, YU LIANG1,2, WENZHENG GAO1,2 & YONG WANG1,2*

 

1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

 

2Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

 

Received: 20 February 2018 /Accepted: 29 June 2018

 

ABSTRACT

The shoot tip explants of the tillered onion line Z-018 were used as experimental materials. The effects of colchicine and pendimethalin on the induction of polyploid tillered onion were studied in vitro with different concentrations and treatment time. Treatment with 250 μmol/L colchicine for 4 days caused a variant rate of 42.22% and a mortality rate of 36.67%, whereas treatment with 30 μmol/L pendimethalin for 6 days caused a variant rate of 41.11% and a mortality rate of 24.44%. Subsequent cytological identification showed that tetraploid plants were successfully induced by both mutagens. Compared with the diploid plants, the tetraploid plants exhibited slower growth, thicker leaves, stems and roots, larger stomatal apparatus and increased number of chloroplasts. In addition, the obtained tetraploid plants have thicker tubular leaves, decreased number of tillers, larger bulbs and increased yield of the products. This provides the basis for future research on tillered onion germplasm resources.

 

Keywords: Colchicine; germplasm resources; pendimethalin; polyploid induction; tillered onion

 

ABSTRAK

Eksplan hujung pucuk bawang bercelaga titisan Z-018 telah digunakan sebagai bahan uji kaji. Kesan daripada kolkisin dan pendimetalin ke atas aruhan poliploid bawang bercelaga telah dikaji secara in vitro dengan kepekatan dan masa rawatan yang berbeza. Rawatan dengan 250 μmol/L kolkisin selama 4 hari menyebabkan kadar varian 42.22% dan kadar kematian 36.67%, manakala rawatan dengan 30 μmol/L pendimetalin selama 6 hari menyebabkan kadar varian 41.11% dan kadar kematian sebanyak 24.44%. Pengenalan sitologi selanjutnya menunjukkan bahawa tumbuhan tetraploid telah berjaya diaruh oleh kedua-dua mutagen. Berbanding dengan tumbuhan diploid, tumbuhan tetraploid menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih perlahan, daun, batang dan akar yang lebih tebal, peralatan stomatal yang lebih besar dan peningkatan bilangan kloroplas. Selain itu, tumbuhan tetraploid yang diperoleh mempunyai tiub daun lebih tebal, bilangan celaga yang berkurangan, bebawang yang lebih besar dan peningkatan hasil keluaran. Kajian ini menyediakan sumber asas untuk penyelidikan germplasma bawang bercelaga pada masa hadapan.

 

Kata kunci: Aruhan poliploid; bawang bercelaga; kolkisin; pendimethalin; sumber germplasma

 

REFERENCES

 

Beaulieu, J.M., Leitch, I.J., Patel, S., Pendharkar, A. & Knight, C.A. 2008. Genome size is a strong predictor of cell size and stomatal density in angiosperms. New Phytologist 179(4): 975-986.

Burge, G.K., Morgan, E.R. & Seelye, J.F. 2002. Opportunities for synthetic plant chimeral breeding: Past and future. Plant Cell Tissue & Organ Culture 70(1): 13-21.

Callaway, D.J. & Callaway, M.B. 2000. Breeding Ornamental Plants. Portland: Timber Press.

Comai, L. 2005. The advantages and disadvantages of being polyploid. Nature Reviews Genetics 6(11): 836-846.

Endang, S. & Yosuke, T. 2003. Determination of ploidy levels of shallot and Japanese bunching onion by flow cytometry. Ilmu Pertanian 10(1): 9-15.

Huang, Q., Zhang, Z. & Kang, X. 2002. 2n pollen of P. tomentosa * P. bolleana induced by four antimicrotubule agents. Journal of Beijing Forestry University 24(1): 12-15.

Jin, X., Zhou, X., Liu, S., Liu, S. & Wu, F. 2013. ISSR markers of 48 tillering onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) germplasms genetic diversity and analysis of their agronomic traits. China Vegetables 1(1x): 27-34.

Kermani, M.J., Sarasan, V., Roberts, A.V., Yokoya, K., Wentworth, J. & Sieber, V.K. 2003. Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 107(7): 1195-1200.

Kunitake, H., Nakashima, T., Mori, K. & Tanaka, M. 1998. Somaclonal and chromosomal effects of genotype, ploidy and culture duration in Asparagus officinalis L. Euphytica 102(3): 309-316.

Leitch, I.J. & Bennett, M.D. 1997. Polyploidy in angiosperms. Trends in Plant Science 2: 470-476.

Liu, W., Ning, S., Cui, C., Xu, Q. & Ma, Y. 2011. Effect of gibberellin treatment on growth and development of tillered-onion. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (7): 83-86.

Liu, X., Wang, D., Yang, W. & Zhang, J. 2010. Polyploidy induction of aigeiros-luece hybrids of Populus by colchicine. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences 38(20): 10532-10534.

Morejohn, L.C., Bureau, T.E., Molč-Bajer, J., Bajer, A.S. & Fosket, D.E. 1987. Oryzalin, a dinitroaniline herbicide, binds to plant tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization in vitro. Planta 172(2): 252-264.

Nigel, A.R.U., Jennie, H. & Therese, M. 2007. Generation and characterization of colchicine-induced autotetraploid Lavandula angustifolia. Euphytica 156: 257-266.

Xu, L., Yang, F., Wu, X., Ding, R., Lu, Y. & Hou, B. 2016. Effect of intercropping with onion or garlic on yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. Northern Horticulture (14): 6-10.

Zhai, Y., Ma, R., Cheng, Y. & Wu, H. 2013. Research progress on genetic diversity of germplasm resources of Allium cepa L. Journal of Agriculture 3(6): 61-63.

Zhang, D. 2013. Vegetable history tillering onion. China Vegetables 10: 26-26.

Zhang, W. & Dai, Z. 2007. The experiment of onion root tip mitosis specimen preparation and observation. Genetics Experiment Guidance. Beijing: Higher Education Press.

Zhang, X., Hong-Zhi, W.U., Zhou, D. & Zheng, S. 2008. Effects of the new herbicide-oryzalin’s concentration and time duration on inducing polyploidy of coloured Zantedeschia aethiopica. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University 23(6): 806-810.

Zhao, J., Song, S., Han, Y., Zhao, C., Zhang, X. & Zhang, Y. 2015. Comparative analysis of nutritional quality between Allium cepa L. var. agrogatum Don. and Allium cepa L. Journal of Northwest A & F University 43: 107-110.

Zhou, X., Cheng, Z. & Meng, H. 2009. Effects of pendimethalin on garlic chromosome doubling in vitro. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica 29(12): 2571-2575.

 

*Corresponding author; email: yongwang@neau.edu.cn

 

 

 

 

 

 

previous