Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022): 3153-3162

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-03

Allelopathic Effect of Eichhornia crassipes Aqueous Extract against Growth of Mimosa pudica

(Kesan Alelopati Ekstrak Akueus Eichhornia crassipes terhadap pertumbuhan Mimosa pudica)

AROFAH LAEMOH & WAEWRUEDEE WAEWTHONGRAK^*

Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, 94000, Pattani, Thailand

Received: 23 November 2021/Accepted: 10 May 2022

Abstract

Allelopathy is a phenomenon in which a plant produces allelochemicals that affect neighboring plants' growth and physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effect of Eichhornia crassipes on the growth of Mimosa pudica seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the pot, where M. pudica seedlings were irrigated with aqueous leaf extract of E. crassipes at 5, 10 and 15% (w/v) concentrations once a week for four consecutive weeks. The experiment was carried out by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates. The allelochemical contents of leaf extract were quantified using a spectrophotometric method, and the total phenolic content was 129.54 mg GAE/g DW. The maximum percentage of electrolyte leakage was detected in M. pudica seedlings when treated with a higher concentration of E. crassipes leaf extract. The allelopathic effect of E. crassipes extract on growth, chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation was also determined. The result showed a significant decrease in length, weight and chlorophyll contents treated with 10 and 15% concentrations of E. crassipes leaf extracts. However, malondialdehyde (MDA) in the root of M. pudica seedlings treated with aqueous leaf extract of E. crassipes at 10% and 15% (w/v) concentrations were found to be remarkably higher compared to control. These results indicated that the E. crassipes leaf extract exhibited allelopathic effects on M. pudica growth. However, the increase of the allelopathic effect of E. crassipes leaf extract was concentration-dependent.

Keywords: Allelopathy; Eichhornia crassipes; Mimosa pudica

Abstrak

Alelopati ialah fenomenon apabila tumbuhan menghasilkan alelokimia yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan proses fisiologi tumbuhan bersebelahan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan alelopati Eichhornia crassipes terhadap pertumbuhan anak benih Mimosa pudica. Uji kaji dijalankan di dalam pasu dengan anak benih M. pudica disiram dengan ekstrak akueus daun E. crassipes pada kepekatan 5, 10 dan 15% (w/v) sekali seminggu selama empat minggu berturut-turut. Uji kaji telah dijalankan secara Reka Bentuk Rawak Sepenuhnya (CRD) dengan tiga replikasi. Kandungan alelokimia ekstrak daun dihitung menggunakan kaedah spektrofotometri dan jumlah kandungan fenol ialah 129.54 mg GAE/g DW. Peratusan maksimum kebocoran elektrolit dikesan pada anak benih M. pudica apabila dirawat dengan kepekatan ekstrak daun E. crassipes yang lebih tinggi. Kesan alelopati ekstrak E. crassipes terhadap pertumbuhan, kandungan klorofil dan peroksidasi lipid juga ditentukan. Hasil menunjukkan penurunan ketara pada panjang, berat dan kandungan klorofil yang dirawat dengan kepekatan 10% dan 15% ekstrak daun E. crassipes. Walau bagaimanapun, malondialdehid (MDA) dalam akar anak benih M. pudica yang dirawat dengan ekstrak akueus daun E. crassipes pada kepekatan 10% dan 15% (w/v) didapati lebih tinggi berbanding kawalan. Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak daun E. crassipes menunjukkan kesan alelopati terhadap pertumbuhan M. pudica. Walau bagaimanapun, peningkatan kesan alelopati ekstrak daun E. crassipes bergantung kepada kepekatan.

Kata kunci: Alelopati; Eichhornia crassipes; Mimosa pudica

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^*Corresponding author; email: waewruedee.w@psu.ac.th