Sains Malaysiana 52(2)(2023): 547-561

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5202-17

 

Methylene Blue Adsorption by Acid Post-Treated Low Temperature Biochar Derived from Banana (Musa acuminata­) Pseudostem

(Penjerapan Metilena Biru oleh Bioarang Bersuhu Rendah Selepas Dirawat Asid Dihasilkan daripada Batang Pseudo Pisang (Musa acuminata))

 

NOOR HALINI BAHARIM*, FRIDELINA SJAHRIR, RAHMAD MOHD TAIB, NORAZLINA IDRIS & TUAN AZMAR TUAN DAUD

 

Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Timur Tambahan, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 17 Juai 2022/Diterima: 19 Disember 2022

 

Abstract

The adsorption of methylene blue dye solution using low temperature biochar (PSB) and acid post-treated biochar (PT-PSB) derived from banana (Musa acuminata) pseudostem was investigated. The raw material was oven-dried at 105 °C for 24 h and then carbonized via slow pyrolysis at a low temperature of 300 °C for 1 h. The biochar was further treated with 1.0 M HCl for 24 h. At room temperature, batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the removal efficiency of methylene blue at different parameters; solution pH (3-10), adsorbent dosage (0.05-0.30 g) and initial concentration (25-150 mg/L). The results exhibited that the highest removal efficiency of methylene blue using PSB was 96.6% at optimum solution pH 6 with the adsorbent dosage of 0.20 g. Nevertheless, the better removal efficiency of methylene blue using PT-PSB was identified (99.3%) at optimum solution pH 7 and adsorbent dosage of 0.25 g. The initial concentration of 25 mg/L showed the maximum removal efficiency for both PSB and PT-PSB. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that both PSB and PT-PSB were better fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model which indicates multilayer adsorption onto the heterogeneous surface of the adsorbents. Kinetic data showed that the adsorption of methylene blue onto PSB and PT-PSB was well fitted by the pseudo-second order model, indicating chemical adsorption. Banana pseudostem showed great potential to be used as an efficient low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution.

 

Keywords: Acid post-treated biochar; adsorption; banana pseudostem; methylene blue

 

Abstrak

Penjerapan larutan pewarna metilena biru menggunakan bioarang bersuhu rendah (PSB) dan bioarang selepas dirawat asid (PT-PSB) yang berasal daripada batang pseudo pisang (Musa acuminata) dikaji. Bahan mentah dikeringkan dengan ketuhar pada suhu 105 °C selama 24 jam dan seterusnya dibakar melalui pirolisis perlahan pada suhu rendah 300 °C selama 1 jam. Bioarang seterusnya dirawat dengan 1.0 M HCl untuk 24 jam. Pada suhu bilik, uji kaji penjerapan kumpulan dijalankan untuk menentukan kecekapan penyingkiran metilena biru pada parameter pemboleh ubah yang berbeza; pH larutan (3-10), dos penjerap (0.05-0.30 g) dan kepekatan awal (25-150 mg/L). Keputusan menunjukkan kecekapan penyingkiran tertinggi metilena biru menggunakan PSB adalah 96.6% pada pH larutan optimum 6 dengan dos penjerap 0.20 g. Walau bagaimanapun, kecekapan penyingkiran metilena biru yang lebih baik menggunakan PT-PSB ditentukan (99.3%) pada pH larutan optimum 7 dan dos penjerap 0.25 g. Kepekatan awal 25 mg/L menunjukkan kecekapan penyingkiran yang maksimum bagi kedua-dua PSB dan PT-PSB. Analisis isoterma penjerapan menunjukkan kedua-dua PSB dan PT-PSB adalah lebih berpadanan dengan model isoterma Freundlich yang menunjukkan penjerapan berbilang lapisan ke permukaan heterogen penjerap. Data kinetik menunjukkan penjerapan metilena biru ke PSB dan PT-PSB adalah sangat berpadanan dengan model tertib kedua pseudo, menunjukkan penjerapan kimia. Batang pseudo pisang berpotensi besar digunakan sebagai penjerap berkos rendah yang cekap dan mesra alam untuk penyingkiran metilena biru daripada larutan akues.

 

Kata kunci: Batang pisang pseudo; bioarang selepas dirawat asid; metilena biru; penjerapan

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: halini@unisel.edu.my

   

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