{"id":16128,"date":"2025-10-27T20:25:02","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T12:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/?page_id=16128"},"modified":"2025-11-08T15:37:13","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T07:37:13","slug":"15-2-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-3\/","title":{"rendered":"SDG 15 &#8211; 15.2.3"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:50px;padding-right:75px;padding-bottom:50px;padding-left:75px;min-height:150px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54{background-color:#56c02b;}.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.15;background-image:url('http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/Logo-THE-WHI.png');background-size:auto 150%;background-position:100% 0%;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:no-repeat;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:20px;padding-left:20px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15522_4acef3-54 alignnone kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-row kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15522_fc2523-49 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15522_fc2523-49\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15522_df491d-b3 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15522_5f0a7e-72\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:225px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8{max-width:225px;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8{-webkit-flex:0 1 100%;flex:0 1 100%;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 img{width:100%;}.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 .kb-img img{border-top-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15522_02dcaf-f8 size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"317\" height=\"94\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-15478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings.png 317w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sdg-1-1-3-2\/THE_sustainability-impact_ratings-300x89.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15522_b92f3f-83 kb-section-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(15% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(85% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15522_6462ff-7d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15522_3b745b-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15522_3b745b-07\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:125px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c{max-width:125px;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c{-webkit-flex:0 1 100%;flex:0 1 100%;}.image-is-svg.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c img{width:100%;}.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);object-position:50% 50%;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c img.kb-img, .kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c .kb-img img{border-top:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-right:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-bottom:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);border-left:3px solid var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15522_4bb5a1-9c size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-8887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/E-WEB-Goal-15.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15522_d3a52d-8f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1\"]{display:block;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-lg, 2rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<span class=\"kt-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_c14725-e1\">SDG 15 &#8211; LIFE ON LAND<\/span>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_717713-2d\"]{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-weight:300;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_717713-2d\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_717713-2d\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading15522_717713-2d wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15522_717713-2d\">Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15709_93a910-28 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15709_365eef-09{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15709_365eef-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15709_365eef-09 kb-section-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40\"]{padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);text-align:center;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-md, 1.25rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading15709_75e7c1-40\">SDG 15 Indicator<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns15709_768e19-2d{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns15709_768e19-2d .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns15709_768e19-2d\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_ed7414-50.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_ed7414-50 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-1\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.2.1<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_feb85c-43.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_feb85c-43 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-3\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.2.3<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_0f5ec0-9c kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-4\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.2.4<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_5abf47-a3 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-5\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.2.5<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_54f893-12.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_54f893-12 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-2-6\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.2.6<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_bfcd5c-94 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-3-3\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.3.3<\/span><\/a>\n\n<style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);background:#f1f1f1;font-family:Oswald;font-weight:400;border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:focus{background:#d7d7d7;border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button{border-top:1px solid #bebebe;border-right:1px solid #bebebe;border-bottom:1px solid #bebebe;border-left:1px solid #bebebe;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6.kb-button:focus{border-top:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-left:1px solid #d7d7d7;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn15709_30e97c-d6 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sdgukm2024\/sdg15\/15-3-5\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">15.3.5<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:50px;padding-right:75px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:75px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id16128_690d64-54 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column16128_69bff7-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column16128_69bff7-27\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\"]{padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);font-weight:500;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;border-left:5px solid #dda63a;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\"]{border-left:5px solid #dda63a;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\"]{border-left:5px solid #dda63a;}}<\/style>\n<h1 class=\"kt-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_934dc9-60\">15.2 &#8211; Supporting land ecosystems through education<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id16128_6658cd-86 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column16128_2d39a6-ba\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\"]{padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Oswald;border-left:3px solid #dda63a;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\"]{border-left:3px solid #dda63a;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\"]{border-left:3px solid #dda63a;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_eb5489-d8\">15.2.3 &#8211; Maintain and extend current ecosystems\u2019 biodiversity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">UKM\u2019s commitment to conservation and maintaining current ecosystems\u2019 biodiversity extends to safeguarding diverse plant, animal and genetic resources through dedicated long-term conservation facilities. As human activity continues to disrupt ecosystems with habitat loss, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation, UKM recognizes the critical need for robust conservation efforts. UKM\u2019s conservation programs aim to preserve natural habitats that support the behavior and well-being of both flora and fauna. The university maintains a permanent reserve forest, botanic garden and designated living labs, which serve as the cornerstone of its comprehensive conservation strategy. Through these initiatives, UKM is actively fostering biodiversity and protecting essential genetic resources for future generations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>List of main Conservation Area in UKM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>No<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Conservation Area<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1<\/td><td>UKM Permanent Reserve Forests<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">2<\/td><td>Botanic Gardens&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plant House Complex&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fern Garden<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Herb Garden<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">3<\/td><td>UKM Living Lab<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Marine Research Centre (EKOMAR) UKM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chini Lake Research Center (PPTC) UKM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_899302-81\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_899302-81\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_899302-81\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading16128_899302-81 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_899302-81\"><strong>1. Permanent Forests as Conservation Centers<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">The UKM Permanent Forests play a crucial role as conservation centers dedicated to the preservation of Malaysia\u2019s rich natural heritage. The UKM Permanent Reserve Forests was part of what used to be known as the Langat Basin Forest area (Figure 1.22.1). Since the early days of its development, the planners of UKM have envisaged a holistic concept of having the campus resemble a botanic garden as a whole to serve as living laboratories for the use of UKM students in education, research and as long-term conservation facilities. As a result, UKM has set an example and currently holds one of the best germplasm collections of ornamental plants, especially palm and ferns collections in Malaysia. The UKM Permanent Forest Reserve is an important carbon sink green area in the Langat Basin as well as a biological laboratory and open classroom for UKM students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">These forest reserves provide a safe haven for a wide range of wildlife species, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates, many of which are rare or threatened. The presence of these animals is a testament to the ecological integrity of the area, where natural food chains and breeding cycles are able to thrive without major disturbances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">As conservation centers, the UKM Permanent Forests are more than just reservoirs of flora and fauna; they are living laboratories for scientific research, environmental education, and sustainable management practices. By maintaining the balance between conservation and human engagement, these forests contribute to the long-term preservation of biodiversity while supporting UKM\u2019s commitment to environmental stewardship and sustainable development.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"828\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17567\" style=\"width:966px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image.png 828w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-768x273.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">UKM Permanent Forest Reserve (Bukit Rupa)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">Among the origin species found in it are <strong><em>Shorea leprosula<\/em>\u00a0 (Merbau), <em>Irvingia malayana<\/em> (Pauh Kijang), <em>Ochanostachys amentacea<\/em> (Petaling), <em>Streblus elongatus<\/em> (Tempinis), <em>Dialium indum<\/em> (Keranji), <\/strong>and<strong> <em>Fagraea fragrans <\/em>\u00a0(Tembusu)<\/strong>. This shows that the Bangi Forest Reserve is a suitable habitat to support the species endemic flora and fauna in Peninsular Malaysia. Some of the species available in UKM Permanent Reserve Forest.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"606\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17569\" style=\"width:858px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1.png 606w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1-300x176.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-576x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17570\" style=\"width:343px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-576x1024.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-169x300.jpeg 169w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image.jpeg 607w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Aquilaria malaccensis tree (Gaharu)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1-576x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17572\" style=\"width:341px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1-576x1024.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1-169x300.jpeg 169w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-1.jpeg 607w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Anisoptera costata\u00a0 tree<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"632\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17579\" style=\"width:702px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-2.png 500w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-2-237x300.png 237w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Some of the conserve trees in UKM Permanent Reserve Forest<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">The UKM Bangi Campus is home to a diverse range of wildlife species, including langurs and long-tailed macaques shown in Table below, which have coexisted with the campus community since its establishment. These species contribute to the campus\u2019s rich biodiversity and emphasize the importance of sustainable practices in preserving natural habitats within the university grounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">For the <strong>fauna<\/strong> category, several types of birds, insects and primates among the unique fauna recorded here. Some species of plants and insects found in this forest have been listed in the <strong>Red List of Malaysian Plants (IUCN)<\/strong> can also be found. Two wild species such as <strong>langurs<\/strong> and <strong>long-tailed macaques<\/strong> that have inhabited the campus since its establishment and had been conserved by UKM.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>List of fauna conserved species in Permanent Reserve Forest UKM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>No<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Organisms<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Photo<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Species<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/td><td>Langur<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><em>Trachypithecus obscurus<\/em><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/8f35ac3c-b548-4f0d-ab4f-abfa8383cd69\" width=\"297\" height=\"202\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/td><td>Long-tailed macaque<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><em>Macaca fascirularis<\/em><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/332a7152-5763-4a28-96c4-100dd10656de\" width=\"205\" height=\"265\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2018, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) published a book titled A Natural Heritage: The Flora and Fauna of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, edited by Haja Maideen Kader Maideen, Wan Juliana Wan Ahmad, and Mohamad Ruzi Abdul Rahman. This publication serves as a comprehensive documentation of the biological diversity found within UKM\u2019s Permanent Forest Reserve, showcasing the university\u2019s rich natural heritage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The book explores the variety of flora and fauna that thrive in the reserve, emphasizing the importance of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem sustainability within the campus environment. It reflects UKM\u2019s ongoing commitment to integrating research, education, and conservation, ensuring that the natural ecosystems surrounding the university continue to serve as living laboratories for scientific discovery and environmental stewardship in line with SDG 15: Life on Land. Figure below show the book on A Natural Heritage: The Flora and Fauna of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"541\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17595\" style=\"width:751px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-3.png 541w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-3-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Book on A Natural Heritage: The Flora and Fauna of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">This study identifies tree species with the highest number of individuals across three diameter classes\u20141 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm within a 0.12 ha plot. The analysis provides insights into species dominance and population structure, contributing to the understanding of forest composition and regeneration dynamics in the study area. Detailed numbers of the species can be found in table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">List of the species with higher number of total individual for tree with diameter of 1cm, 5cm, and 10cm in 0.12 ha plot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Species Group<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Species<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Family<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Shrub<\/strong><\/td><td>Leptaspis tetraphylla (Vahl) Radtk.<\/td><td>Sapindaceae<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Urophyllum griffithianum (Wight) Hook.f.<\/td><td>Rubiaceae<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Rothmannia macrophylla (R.Br. ex Hook.f.) Bremek.<\/td><td>Rubiaceae<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Ixora grandifolia Zoll. &amp; Moritzi<\/td><td>Rubiaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Phaeanthus ophthalmicus (Roxb. ex G. Don) J. Sinclair<\/td><td>Annonaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Treelet<\/strong><\/td><td>Baccaurea parviflora (Mull.Arg.) Mull.Arg.<\/td><td>Euphorbiaceae<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Glycosmis macrophylla (Blume) Miq.<\/td><td>Rutaceae<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Ardisia colorata Roxb.<\/td><td>Myrsinaceae<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Goniothalamus ridleyi King<\/td><td>Annonaceae<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Knema furfuracea (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) Warb.<\/td><td>Myristicaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Understorey<\/strong><\/td><td>Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam.<\/td><td>Rubiaceae<\/td><td>40<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Aporusa microstachya (Tul.) M\u00fcll.Arg.<\/td><td>Euphorbiaceae<\/td><td>29<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Gymnocranthera canarica (King) Warb.<\/td><td>Myristicaceae<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Diospyros apiculata Benn.<\/td><td>Ebenaceae<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Diospyros sumatrana Miq.<\/td><td>Ebenaceae<\/td><td>12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Main Canopy<\/strong><\/td><td>Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr.<\/td><td>Meliaceae<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Gymnacranthera forrestii (King) Warb.<\/td><td>Myristicaceae<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Gymnacranthera farquhariana (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) Warb.<\/td><td>Myristicaceae<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Dacryodes rostrata (Blume) H.J. Lam<\/td><td>Burseraceae<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Santiria laevigata Blume<\/td><td>Burseraceae<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Emergent<\/strong><\/td><td>Dacryodes costata (Benn.) H.J. Lam<\/td><td>Burseraceae<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Koompassia malaccensis Maing. ex Benth.<\/td><td>Leguminosae<\/td><td>8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Shorea acuminata Dyer<\/td><td>Dipterocarpaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Shorea leprosula Miq.<\/td><td>Dipterocarpaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Sindora echinocalyx (Benth.) Prain<\/td><td>Leguminosae<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">In November 2023, a research project titled \u201cTree Community Structure and Diversity in Bangi Forest Reserve, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor\u201d was conducted by Nurin Adriany, a student from the Faculty of Science and Technology. The study aimed to prepare voucher specimens for the identification of trees up to the lowest taxonomic level, species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">The research, conducted on a 0.009-hectare plot within the Bangi Forest Reserve, successfully recorded 142 individual trees with diameters ranging from 0.1 cm to 5 cm and above at breast height (DBH). All individuals were identified to the species level, revealing a total composition of 27 families, 45 genera, and 142 species.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">This study not only provides essential data for species identification and voucher specimen preparation but also underscores the importance of conserving native flora within the Bangi Forest Reserve, a vital green lung within the UKM campus. The findings contribute to biodiversity monitoring, ecological education, and sustainable forest management, supporting SDG 15 (Life on Land) and reinforcing UKM\u2019s commitment to environmental stewardship and ecosystem conservation. Table below shows the list of the families, number of genus and species that are available in reserve forest UKM. Full document of the research paper can be excess by the link : <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1CTWn_jZkPiPkGKQZDHfsyQ5_YyPB3saZ\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">drive.google.com\/file\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>List of the families, number of genus and species that are available in reserve forest UKM.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>No<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Famili<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Numbers of&nbsp; Genus<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Numbers of Species<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Numbers of Individu<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td>Anacardiaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td>Annonaceae<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3<\/td><td>Apocynaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4<\/td><td>Araucariaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td>Arecaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6<\/td><td>Aristolochiaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7<\/td><td>Burseraceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8<\/td><td>Cannabaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9<\/td><td>Clusiaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10<\/td><td>Ebenaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">11<\/td><td>Euphorbiaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">12<\/td><td>Fabaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">13<\/td><td>Ixonanthoceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">14<\/td><td>Lauraceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">15<\/td><td>Malvaceae<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">16<\/td><td>Melastomataceae<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">17<\/td><td>Moraceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">18<\/td><td>Myristicaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>10<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">19<\/td><td>Myrtaceae<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">20<\/td><td>Phyllanthaceae<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">21<\/td><td>Rhizophoraceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">22<\/td><td>Rosaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">23<\/td><td>Rubiaceae<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>23<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">24<\/td><td>Rutaceae<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">25<\/td><td>Sapindaceae<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">26<\/td><td>Sapotaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">27<\/td><td>Thymelaeaceae<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Total<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>45<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>55<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>142<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">In 2022, a research article titled \u201cIdentifying the Diversity of Freshwater Aquatic Species in Tasik Ghazali, UKM Using Taxonomy Analysis\u201d underscored the critical importance of biodiversity conservation within the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) campus ecosystem. Conducted through five sampling activities using both active and passive fishing methods, the study successfully collected 1,268 samples of freshwater aquatic life, identifying eight distinct species. The findings highlight Puntius sp. as the most abundant species and Clarias batrachus as the least common, reflecting variations in species distribution and habitat adaptation.Detail of the article can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1CvU8WnQvvhV9dhmEJ4d_Pov7jqyXXVqe\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">drive.google.com\/file\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">This study not only contributes to the scientific understanding of aquatic fauna diversity but also supports the conservation of genetic resources vital for food security, ecosystem balance, and sustainable biodiversity management and continues with the conservation of the species that are available. By documenting and preserving the genetic and ecological data of native aquatic species, UKM reinforces its role in long-term biodiversity conservation, aligned with SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 15 (Life on Land). The result of the sampling can be found in Table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cumulative Total of Aquatic Life in Tasik Ghazali, UKM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>No.<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Species<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Number of individual<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td>Puntius sp.<\/td><td>464<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td>Poecilia reticulata<\/td><td>328<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3<\/td><td>Macrobrachium lanchesteri<\/td><td>231<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4<\/td><td>Gambusia affinis<\/td><td>143<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td>Macrobrachium malayanum<\/td><td>63<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6<\/td><td>Betta pugnax<\/td><td>25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7<\/td><td>Clarias batrachus<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8<\/td><td>Gyraulus sp.<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Jumlah Keseluruhan<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2014<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>1,268<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aquatic Life Catches by Sampling Activity in Tasik Ghazali, UKM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Sampling Activity<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Number of individual<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Observation<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td>413<\/td><td>The highest total with various species identified<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td>133<\/td><td>A significant decrease from the first activity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3<\/td><td>329<\/td><td>An increase again in the total catch<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4<\/td><td>228<\/td><td>A moderate decrease<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td>165<\/td><td>The lowest total among the five activities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Total Amount<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>1,268<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Consistent with the overall number of species<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_9fcead-a7\"><strong>2. Botanic Gardens including the UKM Nature education and conservation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">As an institute that supports environmental sustainability, UKM puts in ecosystem conservation efforts in the effort to establish <strong>Botanic Gardens as UKM Nature Education Forest<\/strong>. The establishment of the Botanical Garden is to become a center for the conservation and preservation of selected plant groups and the biological diversity of flora and fauna within the UKM Botanical Garden. Botanic Garden consists of several 4 units which are the <strong>Plant House Complex<\/strong>, the UKM <strong>Fern Garden<\/strong>, the UKM <strong>Herb Park <\/strong>and the Permanent Bangi Forest Reserve, UKM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This garden was established for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Preservation and conservation of plant species that are threatened with extinction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supporting research activities and acting as a natural laboratory for research<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The transfer of knowledge about the biological diversity of our country and also about the\u00a0environment to UKM citizens              and non-citizens<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reference center for flora diversity in Malaysia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Become a recreational park for citizens and also UKM citizens<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plant genetic bank center that is in its environment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-4-1024x289.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17611\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-4-1024x289.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-4-300x85.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-4-768x217.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-4.png 1264w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Plant House Complex under Botanic Garden UKM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-6-1024x385.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-6-1024x385.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-6-300x113.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-6-768x289.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-6.png 1266w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fern Garden under Botanic Garden UKM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"313\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-8-1024x313.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-8-1024x313.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-8-300x92.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-8-768x235.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-8.png 1265w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Herb Park under Botanic Garden UKM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">The UKM Botanical Garden, managed by the Faculty of Science and Technology, serves as a valuable platform for all members of the UKM community to actively participate in the conservation and preservation of the garden\u2019s rich biodiversity, encompassing both flora and fauna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">In addition, UKM plays a crucial role in contributing to the <strong>Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (MyBIS<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong>, a central repository and database that facilitates access to comprehensive information on biodiversity studies and management across Malaysia. This initiative reinforces UKM\u2019s commitment to supporting national efforts in biodiversity conservation.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9-1024x378.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17626\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9-1024x378.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9-768x284.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9-1536x567.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-9.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">UKM is one of institute that contributed on species data in Mybis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Link: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mybis.gov.my\/one\/specimen.php?menu=70\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.mybis.gov.my\/one\/specimen.php?menu=70<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"488\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-10-1024x488.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17627\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-10-1024x488.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-10-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-10-768x366.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-10.png 1426w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">Botanic garden conservation involves the preservation and protection of plant species from extinction, particularly those that are threatened or endangered. These gardens play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation through several key activities: More than 300 species of herbs,fern and plantae are conserved in Botanic Garden UKM.&nbsp; In Table below, we have listed several of the conserved species that currently inhabit Taman Botani UKM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>List of conserved species in Botani Garden UKM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><br><strong>No<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Species Name<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><br><strong>Photo<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>1<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\">Intsia palembanica<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/56b0d981-78ac-4691-ab8d-f02c4d2d9074\" width=\"238\" height=\"318\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mybis.gov.my\/sp\/20990\">Dipterocarpus kerrii<\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/efc680b1-2c59-419c-9a88-ad82a3387876\" width=\"219\" height=\"293\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>3<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mybis.gov.my\/sp\/16836\"><em>Neobalanocarpus heimii<\/em><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/da02b95f-a06c-4d98-9fcd-863f6d9a50aa\" width=\"241\" height=\"322\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mybis.gov.my\/sp\/17229\"><em>Miconia crenata<\/em><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/fb3f2198-b65a-4acf-aac5-67120df8654d\" width=\"225\" height=\"170\"><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_96813a-92\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_96813a-92\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_96813a-92\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading16128_96813a-92 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading16128_96813a-92\"><strong>3. UKM Living Lab as a Nature education and conservation Center<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">UKM has conducted continuous campus programs for conservation of plant (flora), animal (fauna) and genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium or long-term conservation facilities. In UKM, we have established four living labs (Langkawi Research Center, Chini Lake Research Center, Fraser Hill Research Center and Marine Ecosystem Research Center) for conservation. Marine Ecosystem Research Center and Chini Lake Research Center are more focused on conservation programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">Till 2023, we had successfully planned and implemented programs to conserve biodiversity including flora and fauna in the long term conservation time frame. The conservation in Marine Ecosystem Research Center is more to coral and fish conservation and Chini Lake Research Center more to flora includes lotus flower. Besides, the living lab has been used as the research setting in research and activities related to conservation.&nbsp; UKM\u2019s efforts in conservation works are as stated in Table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conservation works in UKM living labs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Bil<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Organisms<\/strong><\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Photo<\/strong><\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Program<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Type<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Species<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">Coral<\/td><td><em>Acropora muricata<\/em><br><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/9592852d-2a79-47f5-a82d-b39c3523facd\" width=\"195\" height=\"147\"><\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">Coral Conservation Project 2024<br><strong>Location : <\/strong>Tioman Island, Pahang<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/alafukm\/posts\/pfbid02UStwmsQNXqncBJSYANwiTrkddtqCny3x7iUD84aicbHpsGTt3EbVu1zEhU7TXDhjl?rdid=YrGTk9i5V8FpUXhX#\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/alafukm\/posts\/pfbid02UStwmsQNXqncBJSYANwiTrkddtqCny3x7iUD84aicbHpsGTt3EbVu1zEhU7TXDhjl?rdid=YrGTk9i5V8FpUXhX#<\/a>&nbsp;<br>A total of 40 volunteers, in collaboration with Leges Divers, EKOMAR ALAF-UKM, and the Department of Fisheries Malaysia as a strategic government partner, carried out a three-day coral conservation mission in Kampung Salang, Tioman Island, from 19 to 21 July. The effort included coral health monitoring, conducting educational workshops, and contributing through a charitable donation (Amal Jariah) to the Tioman Island community, demonstrating EGTB\u2019s commitment to sustainability and community well-being.pagate new corals in Kampung Salang.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"May be an image of 8 people and text that says &quot;SERAMAI sukarelawan dengan Leges PEMULIHARAAN KARANG Utusan Malaysia Penyelidikan ALAF-UKM Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia sebagai strategik menjalankan misi karang purata selama hari Kampung Salang, Pulau karang direkodkan Tioman dari 19 hingga Julai lalu. Menurut Ketua Pegawai Program Reef Check Malaysia, Alvin Chelliah, lebih banyak karang telah mula memutih disebabkan gelombang dan peratus pemutihan dan Pahang. Usaha itu merangkumi pemantauan kesihatan karang, menjalankan bengkel &quot;Sehubungan itu, melalui Leges Divers, Perikanan Malaysia telah menggalakkan untuk kesihatan sumbangan Amal Jariah kepada komuniti Tioman, yang membuktikan EGTB terhadap kelestarian kesejahteraan komuniti. membantu langkah pemuliharaan hadapan dalam terumbu Kampung Tioman,' katanya kenyataan. PLACE karang Salang,&quot;\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/aeaee41d-5447-4fda-82a6-fe18c7a0d881\" width=\"235\" height=\"235\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td><em>Acropora cytherea<\/em><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/195052be-83cf-44aa-a69d-0c25c2ffa88c\" width=\"195\" height=\"147\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3<\/td><td><em>Pocillopora acuta<\/em><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/0ea7af6e-f526-4ef5-9a49-17511afbab2a\" width=\"209\" height=\"165\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4<\/td><td><em>Porites cylindrica<\/em><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/fb9b06a9-bb8b-471c-aa24-e0b621a18ffa\" width=\"209\" height=\"144\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td>Coral Cleaning<\/td><td><\/td><td><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/5d9bfecc-eed0-4657-9958-818f73ecc127\" width=\"209\" height=\"132\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/755bcbb0-7790-48e5-90d4-4fbc5cef1fb7\" width=\"209\" height=\"144\"><\/td><td>Coral Monitoring and Care by Marine Research Centre (EKOMAR)<br><strong>Marine Research Centre (EKOMAR), <\/strong><strong>UKM<\/strong> is continuously monitoring and cleaning the coral in order to conserve the coral species. The activity of cleaning skeletons from <strong>Black Sponges Terpios hoshinota<\/strong> which causes the coral to die. The Black Sponges are lifted from the artificial skeleton to be dumped on land. Nubbins replanted in an artificial framework (coral restoration).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6<\/td><td>Lotus flower<\/td><td><em>Nelumbo nucifera<\/em><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ba07e29a-6989-4a1f-8508-f40eb9ccab69\" width=\"195\" height=\"147\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/14123cd5-9b2b-4f60-844d-ab4ae7905cec\" width=\"195\" height=\"147\"><\/td><td>Sustainable Lotus Conservation in Chini Lake for Continuity of Biosphere Heritage<br><strong>Location :<\/strong> Chini Lake, Pahang<br><strong>Description<\/strong>This conservation program is supported by ECERDC to FRIM with collaboration of Chini Lake Research Center (PPTC) UKM in building 9 nursery ponds and 50 units of flotilla (floating lotus) in Chini Lake, as efforts to restore the lotus population hence preserving the iconic lotus in Chini Lake. aktiviti ini masih aktif dijalan kan pada tahun 2024<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/majlis-penyerahan-projek-konservasi-teratai-secara-lestari-di-tasik-chini-bagi-kesinambungan-rizab-biosfera\/\">https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/majlis-penyerahan-projek-konservasi-teratai-secara-lestari-di-tasik-chini-bagi-kesinambungan-rizab-biosfera\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7<\/td><td>Pitcher plant (Periuk kera)<br><\/td><td><em>Nepenthes<\/em><\/td><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/62cd329e-1b68-4bea-9041-bca1e76d9335\" width=\"209\" height=\"139\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/38916e4f-b9a5-4dd2-a64b-9cccb013b884\" width=\"209\" height=\"157\"><\/td><td>The conservation of <em>Periuk Kera<\/em> (pitcher plant, <em>Nepenthes<\/em>) at Fraser&#8217;s Hill is a vital ecological initiative aimed at preserving the biodiversity of this unique highland area. Fraser&#8217;s Hill, located in the state of Pahang, Malaysia, is well-known for its rich biodiversity, cool climate, and being a haven for rare flora and fauna, including various species of <em>Nepenthes<\/em>. The conservation of <em>Periuk Kera<\/em> in this region is essential due to the plant&#8217;s vulnerability to habitat destruction, climate change, and human activities. Exploration on introducing this species to the community is often carried out to give exposure to endangered species.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/story.php?story_fbid=6165005700198348&amp;id=100000669369309&amp;rdid=hQcBC625g8oAQXYJ\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/story.php?story_fbid=6165005700198348&amp;id=100000669369309&amp;rdid=hQcBC625g8oAQXYJ<\/a>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UKM Release of Fish Seeds at Tasik Chini UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Site<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">From the year 2022, UKM undertook a significant ecological initiative by releasing 21,000 Lampan Sungai Baung fish into the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve at Tasik Chini. This restocking project, aimed at enhancing conservation of\u00a0 aquatic ecosystems. By reintroducing native fish species, UKM not only bolsters food availability for local communities that rely on these resources but also aids in maintaining the ecological balance and biodiversity of Tasik Chini. The initiative is part of UKM\u2019s broader commitment to fostering sustainable practices that ensure the resilience of aquatic ecosystems and contribute to Malaysia\u2019s long-term goals in biodiversity conservation and food security. Table below is the inventory of the fish species that have been conserved in Tasik Chini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">Fish species list and density rank in Tasik Chini<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Species<\/strong><\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Local Name<\/strong><\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><br><strong>Individual<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Mean Physical<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Standard<\/strong><strong>length (cm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Weight<\/strong><strong>(g)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Notopteridae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Notopterus notopterus<\/em><\/td><td>Potok\/Selat<\/td><td>213<\/td><td>17.1<\/td><td>37.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Thynnichthys thynnoides<\/em><\/td><td>Loma<\/td><td>112<\/td><td>18.3<\/td><td>65.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Labiobarbus fasciata<\/em><\/td><td>Mengkawan<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>18.8<\/td><td>60.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Siluridae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Kryptopterus bicirrhis<\/em><\/td><td>Lais<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>22.9<\/td><td>53.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Helostomatidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Helostoma temminckii<\/em><\/td><td>Tembakang<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>15.3<\/td><td>95.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Cyclocheilichthys apogon<\/em><\/td><td>Cemperas<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>30.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Labiobarbus festiva<\/em><\/td><td>Mengkawan<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>18.9<\/td><td>79.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Bagridae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Mystus singaringan<\/em><\/td><td>Kenjing<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>15.1<\/td><td>92.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Osteochilus vitattus<\/em><\/td><td>Terbul<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>15.5<\/td><td>47.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Pristolepididae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Pristolepis fasciata<\/em><\/td><td>Patong<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>58.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Osteochilus melanopleura<\/em><\/td><td>Terbul jalur<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>18.7<\/td><td>56.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Butidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Oxyeleotris marmoratus<\/em><\/td><td>Ketutu<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>27.8<\/td><td>254.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Puntiuplites bulu<\/em><\/td><td>Tengalan<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>17.0<\/td><td>54.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Pristolepididae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Pristolepis grooti<\/em><\/td><td>Kepor<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>11.6<\/td><td>31.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Barbichthys laevis<\/em><\/td><td>Petulu<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>19.0<\/td><td>62.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Macrochirichthys<\/em><em>macrochirus<\/em><\/td><td>Parang Sungai<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>26.4<\/td><td>85.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Clariidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Clarias batrachus<\/em><\/td><td>Keli<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>94.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Pangasiidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Pangasius <\/em>spp.<\/td><td>Patin<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>45.5<\/td><td>580.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Amblyrhynchichthys<\/em><em>truncatus<\/em><\/td><td>Puling<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>16.6<\/td><td>51.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hampala macrolepidota<\/em><\/td><td>Sebarau<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>26.8<\/td><td>223.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Labiobarbus leptocheilus<\/em><\/td><td>Mengkawan<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Barbonymus schwanefeldii<\/em><\/td><td>Lampam Sungai<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Cyclocheilichthys armatus<\/em><\/td><td>Mata Merah<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Bagridae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hemibagrus capitulum<\/em><\/td><td>Baung lemak<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>60.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Channidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Channa lucius<\/em><\/td><td>Bujuk<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>34.2<\/td><td>480.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Family Anabantidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Anabas testudineus<\/em><\/td><td>Puyu<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>12.0<\/td><td>85<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Butidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Oxyeleotris marmoratus<\/em><\/td><td>Ketutu<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>27.8<\/td><td>254.9<\/td><td>2.88<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Puntiuplites bulu<\/em><\/td><td>Tengalan<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>17.0<\/td><td>54.6<\/td><td>2.70<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Pristolepididae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Pristolepis grooti<\/em><\/td><td>Kepor<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>11.6<\/td><td>31.7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Barbichthys laevis<\/em><\/td><td>Petulu<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>19.0<\/td><td>62.3<\/td><td>1.37<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Macrochirichthys<\/em><em>macrochirus<\/em><\/td><td>Parang Sungai<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>26.4<\/td><td>85.6<\/td><td>3.27<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Clariidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Clarias batrachus<\/em><\/td><td>Keli<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>94.5<\/td><td>4.03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Pangasiidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Pangasius <\/em>spp.<\/td><td>Patin<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>45.5<\/td><td>580.0<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Cyprinidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Amblyrhynchichthys<\/em><em>truncatus<\/em><\/td><td>Puling<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>16.6<\/td><td>51.2<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hampala macrolepidota<\/em><\/td><td>Sebarau<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>26.8<\/td><td>223.1<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Labiobarbus leptocheilus<\/em><\/td><td>Mengkawan<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Barbonymus schwanefeldii<\/em><\/td><td>Lampam Sungai<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Cyclocheilichthys armatus<\/em><\/td><td>Mata Merah<\/td><td>1<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Bagridae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hemibagrus capitulum<\/em><\/td><td>Baung lemak<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>60.1<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Channidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Channa lucius<\/em><\/td><td>Bujuk<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>34.2<\/td><td>480.6<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Family Anabantidae<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Anabas testudineus<\/em><\/td><td>Puyu<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>12.0<\/td><td>85<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Lotus Flotilla Program in Collaboration with Tasik Chini Research Centre (PPTC), ALAF-UKM, FRIM and ECERDC to Prevent the Extinction of Lotuses in Tasik Chini<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">The <em>Lotus Flotilla Program<\/em> is a sustainable lotus plant conservation initiative launched in the Tasik Chini Biosphere Reserve in July 2020 and remains actively ongoing as long-term conservation facilities . The project is led and managed by the Tasik Chini Research Centre (PPTC) in collaboration with the East Coast Economic Regional Development Council (ECERDC), the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), ALAF-UKM, and the Orang Asli community of Tasik Chini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Funded by ECERDC and implemented by FRIM together with PPTC and ALAF-UKM,<strong> the project involves the construction of nine nursery ponds and 50 units of floating lotus (flotilla) in Tasik Chini shown in Figure: .<\/strong> This initiative aims to restore the declining lotus population and preserve the lotus as an iconic symbol of Tasik Chini. In addition, it focuses on researching and implementing innovative conservation measures to ensure the long-term survival of the lotus plants and the health of their ecosystem for future generations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The program centers on replanting lotus using specially designed floating flotillas that serve as nurseries in the lake, followed by the natural replanting of lotus plants in targeted areas. Beyond conservation activities, it also provides training sessions and workshops on lotus planting techniques for the local community and relevant stakeholders, thereby strengthening community participation and ensuring the sustainability of the initiative.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">More information can be found at:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/majlis-penyerahan-projek-konservasi-teratai-secara-lestari-di-tasik-chini-bagi-kesinambungan-rizab-biosfera\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/majlis-penyerahan-projek-konservasi-teratai-secara-lestari-di-tasik-chini-bagi-kesinambungan-rizab-biosfera\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/lotus-nursery-project-joint-inspection-training-for-handover\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.ukm.my\/pptc\/news\/lotus-nursery-project-joint-inspection-training-for-handover\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17658\" style=\"width:970px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-12.png 724w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-12-300x121.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The nursery pond of floating lotus (flotilla) in Tasik Chini<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-text-align-justify\">UKM cares about the importances of biodiversity and nature in UKM as we involve the plans and initiatives for preservation and conservation of land and marine ecosystems in our<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/sustainability-strategic-planning\/strategic-plan-2030\/\"> Sustainability Strategic Plan 2030<\/a> <strong>\u00a0<\/strong>which can be accessed on page 50 and page 51.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"793\" height=\"904\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17660\" style=\"width:793px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-13.png 793w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-13-263x300.png 263w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-13-768x876.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 793px) 100vw, 793px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 1.22.9 : Initiatives on preservation and conservation of nature (page 50) on UKM\u2019s Sustainability Strategic Plan 2030<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"792\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-15.png 792w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-15-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-2-3\/image-15-768x550.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 1.22.10 : Initiatives on preserving the marine ecosystem (page 50) on UKM\u2019s Sustainability Strategic Plan 2030<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>15.2 &#8211; Supporting land ecosystems through education 15.2.3 &#8211; Maintain and extend current ecosystems\u2019 biodiversity UKM\u2019s commitment to conservation and maintaining current ecosystems\u2019 biodiversity extends to safeguarding diverse plant, animal and genetic resources through dedicated long-term conservation facilities. As human activity continues to disrupt ecosystems with habitat loss, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation, UKM recognizes&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":16039,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_mi_skip_tracking":true,"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16128","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"kelestarian","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/author\/kelestarian\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16128"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17663,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16128\/revisions\/17663"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/kelestarian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}