Sains Malaysiana 38(5)(2009): 767–771

Biological Activities of Four Melicope Species

(Aktiviti Biologi bagi Empat Spesies Melicope)

Najihah Mohd Hashim¹, Mawardi Rahmani¹*, Hazar Bebe Mohd Ismail²,

Mohd Aspollah Sukari¹, A. Manaf Ali³ & Gwendoline Ee Cheng Lian¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

²Centre for Foundation Study in Science

Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

³Department of Biotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Received: 13 June 2008 / Accepted: 30 December 2008

ABSTRACT

The leaves and stem barks extracts of four plant species, Melicope confusa, M. clemensiae, M. lunu-ankenda and M. latifolia were screened for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Almost all extracts of M. clemensia exhibited moderate growth inhibition when tested against the three pathogenic fungi. However, when tested against pathogenic bacteria, the three leaves extracts showed strong activity against methicillin resistant S. aureus and moderate for the other bacteria. In the antioxidant assay by using DPPH, the three leaves extracts of M. lunu-ankenda exhibited significant activity with with IC50 values of 7.8, 15.6 and 7.8 μg/mL. In addition, the petroleum ether leaves extract of M. clemensiae and the chloroform leaves extract of M. lunu-ankenda showed strong cytotoxic activity when tested against human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) cell line with IC50 values of 2.8 and 0.8 μg/mL, respectively.

Keywords: Antioxidant antimicrobial; cytotoxic; M. clemensiae; M. lunu-ankenda; M. latifolia; Melicope-confusa

ABSTRAK

Ekstrak daun dan kulit batang daripada empat spesies tumbuhan, Melicope confusa, M. Clemensiae, M. lunu-ankenda dan M. latifolia telah dilakukan penabiran aktiviti antimikrob, antioksidan dan sitotoksik. Hampir semua ekstrak M. clemensiae menghalang pertumbuhan secara sederhana bila diuji dengan kulat patogenik. Tetapi apabila diuji dengan bakteria patogenik, ketiga-tiga ekstrak daun menunjukkan aktiviti yang kuat terhadap S. aureus resisten metisillin dan sederhana terhadap bakteria yang lain. Dalam penelitian antioksidan menggunakan DPPH, ketiga-tiga ekstrak daun M. lunu-ankenda mempamerkan aktiviti yang kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebagai 7.8, 15.6 dan 7.8 μg/mL. Selain itu, ekstrak petroleum eter daun M. clemensiae dan ekstrak kloroform M. lunu-ankenda memberikan aktiviti sitotoksik yang kuat bila diuji dengan sel leukemia promielositik manusia (HL60) dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebagai 2.8 dan 0.8 μg/mL

Kata kunci: Antimikrob antioksidan; Melicope confusa; M. clemensiae; M. lunu-ankenda; M. latifolia; sitotoksik.

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*Corresponding author; email: mawardi@fsas.upm.edu.my