Sains Malaysiana 41(4)(2012): 465-470

 

Surface Morphology and Crystallinity of Metal Oxides in Nickel-Cobalt Binary System

(Morfologi Permukaan dan Kehabluran Oksida Logam dalam Sistem Biner Nikel-Kobalt)

 

 

Sook-Keng Chang, Zulkarnain Zainal*, Kar-Ban Tan & Nor Azah Yusof

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

Zulkarnain Zainal* 

Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Laboratory
Institute of Advanced Technology
Universiti Putra Malaysia
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

Wan Mohamad Daud Wan Yusoff

Department Of Physics, Faculty Of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

S.R.S. Prabaharan

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih,

Selangor. D.E., Malaysia

 

Received: 5 August 2011 / Accepted: 9 November 2011

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

The effect of composition on nickel cobaltites prepared by co-precipitation was investigated. Various compositions were synthesised under different heat treatment conditions. The formation mechanism, lattice parameter and crystallite size were determined by various techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the optimum condition for the formation of single phase nickel-cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4) can be obtained from solution containing Ni: Co ratio of 33.3 mol%: 66.7 mol% with heat treatment at 400°C. The presence of pure phase NiCo2O4 with the particle size of approximately 34.10 nm was also observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The crystallinity of the synthesized oxides was improved with the increment of Ni content.

 

Keywords: Composition; co-precipitation; nanosized; nickel-cobalt oxide; phase formation

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kesan komposisi ke atas nikel kobaltit yang disediakan melalui ko-pemendakan telah dikaji. Pelbagai komposisi telah disintesis pada keadaan pemanasan yang berlainan. Mekanisme pembentukan, parameter kekisi dan saiz hablur telah ditentukan dengan pelbagai teknik. Berdasarkan analisis pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), keadaan optimum pembentukan fasa tunggal nikel-kobalt oksida (NiCo2O4) boleh diperoleh daripada larutan yang mengandungi Ni: Co pada nisbah 33.3 mol%: 66.7 mol% pada suhu pemanasan 400°C. Kehadiran fasa tulen NiCo2O4 dengan saiz zarah lebih kurang 34.10 nm dapat diperhatikan melalui mikroskop elektron imbasan pancaran medan (FESEM). Kehabluran oksida yang

disintesis meningkat dengan penambahan kandungan Ni.

 

Kata kunci: Komposisi; ko-pemendakan; pembentukan fasa; nikel-kobalt oksida; saiz nano

 

 

 

 

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*Corresponding author; email: zulkar@science.upm.edu.my

 

 

 

 

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