Sains Malaysiana 44(3)(2015): 355–363

 

Comparison of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of Different Fruit Parts of Selected Artocarpus species from Sabah, Malaysia

(Perbandingan Ciri Fitokimia dan Antioksida pada Bahagian Buah yang Berbeza

bagi Spesies Artocarpus Terpilih dari Sabah, Malaysia)

 

 

MOHD FADZELLY ABU BAKAR1,2*, FIFILYANA ABDUL KARIM2 & EESWARI PERISAMY2

 

1Food Technology Panel, Department of Technology & Heritage, Faculty of Science,

Technology and Human Development, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)

86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

 

2Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS

88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

 

Received: 4 February 2014/Accepted: 10 September 2014

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity of 80% methanol extracts of three selected fruits of Artocarpus species namely, Artocarpus odoratissimus (tarap), Artocarpus kemando (pudu) and Artocarpus integer (cempedak). The total phenolic, total flavonoid and total carotenoid contents of different parts of the fruits (peel, flesh and seed) were analyzed spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant properties were assessed by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS method. The total phenolic content of all parts of the fruits ranging from 3.53 to 42.38 mg GAE/g of dry sample. The total flavonoid was in the range of 0.82 to 36.78 mg CE/g of dry sample whereas the total carotenoid ranging from 0.67 to 3.30 mg ß-carotene/g of dry sample. The peel and seed displayed higher phytochemical contents (as compared with the flesh) and were found to be efficient radical scavengers and reducing agents. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were significantly correlated with the antioxidant activities. However, the total carotenoid was weakly correlated with the antioxidant activities. Due to the findings of this research, it is observed that the phytochemical compounds are the major contributor to the antioxidant activities. A. odoratissimus has the potential to be used as antioxidant agents due to high phytochemical contents and high antioxidant activity for all tested methods.

 

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Artocarpus species; phytochemical contents

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penyelidikan ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji dan membuat perbandingan kandungan fitokimia dan aktiviti antioksida pada ekstrak metanol 80% bagi tiga spesies buah Artocarpus yang terpilih iaitu Artocarpus odoratissimus (tarap), Artocarpus kemando (pudu) dan Artocarpus integer (cempedak). Jumlah kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan karotenoid bahagian buah (isi, kulit dan biji) telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri. Aktiviti antioksida ditentukan melalui kaedah DPPH, FRAP dan ABTS. Kesemua bahagian sampel menunjukkan jumlah kandungan fenolik berjulat daripada 3.53 hingga 42.38 mg GAE/g sampel kering. Jumlah kandungan flavonoid pula berjulat daripada 0.82 hingga 36.78 mg CE/g sampel kering manakala jumlah kandungan karotenoid berjulat dari 0.67 hingga 3.30 mg ß-karotene/g sampel kering. Bahagian kulit dan biji menunjukkan kandungan fitokimia yang tinggi (berbanding isi) dan merupakan penghapus radikal dan agen penurunan yang cekap. Jumlah kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan aktiviti antioksida. Walau bagaimanapun, jumlah kandungan karotenoid berkorelasi secara lemah dengan aktiviti antioksida. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, kompaun fitokimia merupakan penyumbang utama kepada aktiviti antioksida. A. odoratissimus berpotensi untuk dijadikan agen antioksida disebabkan oleh kandungan fitokimia dan aktiviti antioksida yang tinggi terhadap semua kaedah yang dijalankan.

 

Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksida; kandungan fitokimia; spesies Artocarpus

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*Corresponding author; email: fadzelly@uthm.edu.my

 

 

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