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Sains Malaysiana 46(12)(2017): 2455–2460 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-22
Size and Stability of Curcumin Niosomes
from Combinations of Tween 80 and Span 80 (Saiz dan Kestabilan Niosom Kurkumin daripada
Gabungan Tween 80 dan Span 80) MASRINA MOHD
NADZIR1*,
TAN
WEI
FEN1
& ABDUL RAHMAN MOHAMED1
& SITI
FARHANA
HISHAM1,2 1School of Chemical
Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal,
Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2Biomedical Materials
Section, Advanced Materials Research Centre, AMREC, SIRIM Berhad Lot 34,
Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09000 Kulim, Kedah Darul
Aman, Malaysia Received: 26 June 2016/Accepted:
27 March 2017 ABSTRACT The ratios of Tween 80 to Span
80 are important in controlling the physicochemical characteristics
of curcumin niosomes. Thus, in this study the correlations of
combination of Tween 80 and Span 80 at different ratios with
the size and stability of curcumin niosomes were investigated.
Initially curcumin was dissolved in chloroform and methanol
(v/v= 3:1), followed by the preparation of niosomes by thin-film
hydration method with the mole ratio of mixture of Tween 80
and Span 80 to cholesterol of 2:1. The ratios of Tween 80 to
Span 80 in the mixture were set at 1:1, 1:9, 9:1, 2:3 and 3:2
with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB)
values of 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 and 10.72, respectively. As
expected, niosome barely formed at HLB value 13.93. This might be due to
the molecule being hydrophilic and well hydrated which inhibits
the formation of a stable bilayer in solution. It was found
that the formulation which has higher Span 80 and lower HLB value leads to larger niosome before
sonication. The largest niosome size achieved from Tween 80
to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 and 2:3 was 77.36 and 59.85 μm,
respectively. On the other hand, for the ratio of 3:2, the largest
niosome formed before sonication was less than 50.00 μm.
After sonication, the niosome size reduced to less than 35.00
μm for all formulations. It was showed that formulation
with Tween 80 to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 has superior curcumin
entrapment efficiency and best stability during storage. The
results demonstrated that appropriate ratio of Tween 80 to Span
80 was necessary for forming small and stable curcumin niosomes.
Keywords: Characterization;
curcumin; niosome; non-ionic surfactants ABSTRAK Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span
80 adalah penting dalam mengawal ciri fizikokimia niosom kurkumin.
Oleh itu, dalam kajian ini korelasi gabungan Tween 80 dan Span
80 pada nisbah-nisbah yang berbeza dengan saiz dan kestabilan
niosom kurkumin telah dikaji. Sebagai permulaan, kurkumin telah
dilarutkan dalam kloroform dan metanol (v/v = 3:1), diikuti
dengan penyediaan niosom-niosom melalui kaedah penghidratan
filem nipis dengan nisbah mol campuran Tween 80 dan Span 80
kepada kolesterol bernilai 2:1. Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span
80 dalam campuran ditetapkan pada 1:1, 1:9, 9:1, 2:3 dan 3:2,
dengan nilai Imbangan Hidrofilik-Lipofilik (HLB)
masing-masing 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 dan 10.72. Seperti yang
dijangka, niosom hampir tidak terbentuk pada formulasi dengan
nilai HLB pada
13.93. Ini mungkin kerana molekul adalah hidrofilik dan terhidrat,
oleh itu menghalang pembentukan dwilapisan yang stabil dalam
larutan. Didapati bahawa formulasi yang mempunyai kandungan
Span 80 yang lebih tinggi dan nilai HLB
yang lebih rendah membawa kepada niosom lebih
besar sebelum sonikasi. Saiz niosom terbesar yang dicapai daripada
nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 bernilai 1: 9 dan 2: 3 masing-masing
adalah 77.36 μm dan 59.85 μm. Sebaliknya, bagi nisbah
3:2, niosom terbesar dibentuk sebelum sonikasi adalah kurang
daripada 50.00 μm. Selepas sonikasi, saiz niosom dikurangkan
kepada kurang daripada 35.00 μm untuk semua formulasi.
Didedahkan bahawa formulasi dengan nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span
80 bernilai 1:9 mempunyai kecekapan pemerangkapan kurkumin yang
unggul dan kestabilan terbaik semasa penyimpanan. Keputusan
menunjukkan bahawa nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 yang sesuai
adalah perlu bagi membentuk niosom kurkumin yang kecil dan stabil. Kata kunci: Kurkumin; niosom; pencirian; surfaktan bukan ionic REFERENCES
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