Sains Malaysiana 49(7)(2020): 1663-1668

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4907-17

 

Articulatory Distortions when using Different Types of Mouthguard

(Pengherot-berotan Artikulasi apabila Menggunakan Jenis Pelindung Mulut yang Berbeza)

 

AMY KIA CHEEN LIEW1, DALIA ABDULLAH2*, KARYN ZUHUAN TER1, SHIRLEY PUAH1, HUI YEE CHAN1, EASON SOO2 & BADRULZAMAN ABDUL HAMID3

 

1Centre of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

2Centre of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

3Rehabilitation and Special Needs Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

Received: 28 June 2019/Accepted: 23 March 2020

 

ABSTRACT

A non-randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare the articulatory distortions of plosive sounds when using different types of mouthguards. Female national rugby players aged 18 and above were recruited, all of whom were native speakers of Malay without speech or hearing impairment. Boil-and-bite and custom-fitted mouthguards were provided for each participant. The articulation of phonemes with plosive sounds (/p/, /b/, /d/ and /t/) was recorded in a quiet room for the following conditions in a predetermined sequence: not using a mouthguard, using a boil-and-bite mouthguard, and using a custom-fitted mouthguard. A washout interval of one hour was implemented among the conditions. The recorded speech waveforms were digitised and transcribed into the Praat software version 6.0.39 for spectrographic analysis. The mean voice onset time (VOT) for all phonemes was measured in milliseconds. Friedman test was used as the omnibus test with a level of significance set at α = 0.05, while Bonferroni-corrected Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for pairwise comparisons. A total of 25 participants completed the follow-up. A statistically significant difference was found in the articulation of all plosive sounds among control, boil-and-bite mouthguard and custom-fitted mouthguard (P < .001). All pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (P < .001). Although the articulation of plosive sounds was distorted when boil-and-bite and custom-fitted mouthguards were used, distortions were more notable in the boil-and-bite mouthguard.

Keywords: Dental trauma; mouthguard; rugby; speech

 

ABSTRAK

Kajian terkawal bukan rawak dijalankan untuk membandingkan gangguan artikulasi bunyi plosif apabila menggunakan pelbagai jenis pelindung mulut. Pemain ragbi kebangsaan wanita yang berusia 18 tahun ke atas dipilih sebagai peserta kajian dan kesemuanya merupakan penutur asli Bahasa Melayu dan tidak mempunyai sebarang gangguan ucapan atau pendengaran. Pelindung mulut ‘boil-and-bite' dan pelindung mulut yang dipadan khusus disediakan untuk setiap peserta. Artikulasi fonem dengan bunyi plosif (/p/, /b/, /d/, dan /t/) direkodkan di dalam bilik yang senyap dalam urutan yang telah ditetapkan seperti keadaan berikut: tidak menggunakan pelindung mulut, menggunakan pelindung mulut ‘boil-and-bite' dan menggunakan pelindung mulut yang dipadan khusus. Selang waktu antara keadaan ialah selama satu jam. Bentuk gelombang ucapan yang dirakam telah didigitalkan dan disalin ke dalam perisian versi Praat 6.0.39 untuk analisis spektrografik. Minimum masa permulaan suara bagi semua fonem diukur dalam milisaat. Ujian Friedman digunakan sebagai ujian keseluruhan dengan tahap signifikan yang ditetapkan adalah pada α = 0.05, manakala ujian pangkat-tanda Wilcoxon pelarasan-Bonferroni digunakan untuk perbandingan pasangan. Seramai 25 peserta telah menjalani susulan lengkap. Terdapat perbezaan yang ketara dalam artikulasi semua bunyi plosif antara kawalan, pelindung mulut ‘boil-and-bite' dan pelindung mulut yang dipadan khusus (P < .001). Semua perbandingan sepadan adalah ketara secara statistik (P < .001). Walaupun artikulasi bunyi plosif terjejas dengan penggunaan kedua-dua pelindung mulut ‘boil-and-bite' dan pelindung mulut yang dipadan khusus, perubahan adalah lebih ketara dengan pelindung mulut ‘boil-and-bite'. 

Kata kunci: Pelindung mulut; pertuturan; ragbi; trauma gigi

 

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*Corresponding author; email: daliaabdullah@ukm.edu.my

 

 

 

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