Sains Malaysiana 50(2)(2021): 383-393

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-10

Antimicrobial Activity and LC-MS Data Comparison from Lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

(Aktiviti Antimikrob dan Perbandingan Data LC-MS daripada Lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum di Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia)

ANIS ASMI AZMAN¹, NURUL NADIAH¹, ANDI RIFKI ROSANDY¹, AFNANI ALWI², NURKHALIDA KAMAL³, ROZIDA MOHD KHALID¹ & MUNTAZ ABU BAKAR¹*

¹School of Chemical Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²School of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

³Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Science, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 20 May 2020/Accepted: 12 July 2020

ABSTRACT

The research study regarding antimicrobial activity of pure compounds and LCMS data comparison from extract of lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Antimicrobial activity of acetone, ethanol, and methanol extracts as well as five compounds, namely methyl divaricatinate, methyl haematommate, methyl chlorohaematommate, methyl β-orsellinate, and vinapraesorediosic acid from methanol extract were identified for the microbial activity against four bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogens, and Escerichia coli as well as two fungal species, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis based on standards. The determination of IC₅₀ using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth microdilution method was carried out. For acetone extract, 201 μg/mL concentration was required to inhibit 50% (IC₅₀) growth of positive gram bacteria, S. aureus while the concentrations of 430 and 480 μg/mL were able to inhibit 50% (IC₅₀) growth of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, respectively. Ethanol and methanol extract as well as five pure compounds did not inhibit 50% (IC₅₀) of bacterial and yeast growths. Five pure compounds were first reported to determine IC₅₀ of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) from lichen, Parmotrema praesorediosum in Malaysia. The comparison of LC-MS data between ethanol and acetone extracts showed that there was a peak of the main compound, atranorin in the acetone extract, but was invisible in the ethanol extract where the main bond broke down and produced other compounds. Result of pure compounds from antimicrobial activity and LCMS data comparison from extract of lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum were first reported in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Data produced from this study will be used to show the comparison and latest result that will provide ongoing body of research into the issue of natural product.

Keywords: Antimicrobial; LC-MS; lichen; MIC

ABSTRAK

Penyelidikan ini mengkaji tentang aktiviti antimikrob bagi sebatian tulen dan perbandingan data SJ-CK daripada ekstrak lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum di Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Aktiviti antimikrob bagi ekstrak aseton, etanol dan metanol serta lima sebatian, iaitu metil divarikatinat, metil haematomat, metil klorohaematomat, metil β-orselinat dan asid vinapraesorediosik daripada ekstrak metanol dikenal pasti untuk aktiviti mikrob terhadap empat spesies bakteria, Staphylococcus aureus, rintang metisilin Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogens dan Escerichia coli serta dua spesies yis, Candida albicans dan Candida parapsilosis berdasarkan piawai. Penentuan IC₅₀ menggunakan kepekatan perencatan minimum (KPM) dengan kaedah mikrodilusi kaldu dilakukan. Bagi ekstrak aseton, kepekatan 201 μg/mL berupaya untuk merencatkan 50% (IC₅₀) pertumbuhan bakteria gram positif, S. aureus manakala kepekatan sebanyak 430 dan 480 μg/mL berupaya merencatkan 50% (IC₅₀) pertumbuhan yisC. albicans dan C. parapsilosis. Ekstrak etanol dan metanol serta lima sebatian tulen tidak berupaya untuk merencatkan 50% pertumbuhan bakteria dan yis. Lima sebatian tulen pertama kali dilaporkan untuk menentukan kepekatan perencatan minimum (KPM) IC₅₀ daripada liken Parmotrema praesorediosum di Malaysia. Perbandingan data SJ-CK antara ekstrak etanol dan aseton menunjukkan terdapat puncak sebatian utama, atranorin dalam ekstrak aseton, tetapi tidak kelihatan pada ekstrak etanol dengan pecahan ikatan utama telah berlaku dan menghasilkan sebatian lain. Keputusan bagi sebatian tulen daripada aktiviti antimikrob dan perbandingan data SJ-CK daripada ekstrak lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum pertama kali dilaporkan di Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Data yang dihasilkan daripada kajian ini akan digunakan untuk menunjukkan perbandingan dan hasil terbaru yang akan memberikan kajian yang berterusan mengenai isu produk semula jadi.

Kata kunci: Antimikrob; KPM; liken; SJ-CK

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*Corresponding author; email: muntaz@ukm.edu.my