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Sains Malaysiana 51(11)(2022): 3755-3764
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-19
Effectuation of Pleurotus pulmonarius on
Hypercholesterolemic Wistar-Kyoto Rats: Analysis on
Liver and Sera
(Kesan Pleurotus pulmonarius terhadap Tikus
Wistar-Kyoto Hiperkolesterolemik: Analisis ke atas Hati dan Sera)
NOOR
FAZILA MOHD YAHAYA, NORHANIZA AMINUDIN* & NOORLIDAH ABDULLAH
Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal
Territory, Malaysia
Received: 30 September 2021/Accepted: 20 June 2022
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the potential risks
of cardiovascular heart disease (CHD). An early diagnosis and treatment
attenuate the risk of CHD. Besides statin prescription for
hypercholesterolemia, functional food has an added value to ameliorate the
risk. This study was conducted to analyse the significant effect of grey oyster
mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) on
hypercholesterolemia. Thirty-six Wistar-Kyoto rats were assigned into six
groups, consisted of normal (N), hypercholesterolemia (H), two groups for
prevention (P1 and P2), and two groups for treatment (T1 and T2). For
prevention purpose, P1 and P2 were concomitantly induced to be
hypercholesterolemic and fed with either crude aqueous extract of P. pulmonarius (CA) or simvastatin for
45 days. Following 45 days of hypercholesterolemic-induction, T1 and T2 rats
were then orally fed with either CA or simvastatin for another 30 days. On day
45, groups N, H, P1, and P2 were sacrificed, whereas groups T1 and T2 were
sacrificed on day 75. Histopathology examination showed the conditions of liver
tissues. Fat droplets were observed in hypercholesterolemic hepatic tissues and
were also remained in the hepatic tissues of rats belonged to the treatment
groups. The tissues’ viability was better in prevention groups suggesting the
compound(s) present in CA might be able to protect them from further damage.
Metabolomic analysis of the sera from P1 and T1 rats showed altered regulation
of several metabolites such as pantothenic acid, N-carbamylglutamate, serotonin
and ceramide against the control group.
Keywords: Hepatic cells; histopathology;
hypercholesterolemia; metabolomic
Abstrak
Hiperkolesterolemia adalah salah satu potensi
risiko penyakit jantung kardiovaskular (CVD). Diagnosis dan rawatan awal
mengurangkan risiko CVD. Selain statin untuk merawat hiperkolesterolemia,
makanan berfungsi mempunyai nilai tambah untuk mengurangkan risiko. Kajian ini
dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh signifikan cendawan tiram kelabu (Pleurotus
pulmonarius) terhadap hiperkolesterolemia. Tiga puluh enam tikus Wistar-Kyoto
dibahagikan kepada enam kumpulan, yang terdiri daripada normal (N),
hiperkolesterolemia (H), dua kumpulan untuk pencegahan (P1 dan P2) dan dua
kumpulan untuk rawatan (T1 dan T2). Untuk tujuan pencegahan, P1 dan P2
diaruh menjadi hiperkolesterolemia dan pada masa yang sama diberi ekstrak
akues mentah P. pulmonarius (CA) atau
simvastatin selama 45 hari. Manakala tikus T1 dan T2 pula diberi makan secara
oral dengan CA atau simvastatin selama 30 hari lagi selepas 45 hari diaruh menjadi hiperkolesterolemia. Pada hari ke-45, kumpulan N, H, P1 dan P2 dikorbankan, manakala
kumpulan T1 dan T2 dikorbankan pada hari ke-75. Pemeriksaan histopatologi
menunjukkan keadaan tisu hati. Titisan lemak diperhatikan pada tisu hepatik
hiperkolesterolemik dan juga tetap berada di dalam tisu hati tikus tergolong
dalam kelompok perawatan. Kelangsungan tisu lebih baik pada kumpulan pencegahan
yang menunjukkan bahawa sebatian yang terdapat di CA mungkin dapat melindungi
mereka daripada kerosakan selanjutnya. Analisis metabolik sera daripada tikus
P1 dan T1 mendedahkan perubahan beberapa metabolit seperti asid pantotenat,
N-karbamilglutamat, serotonin dan ceramida apabila dibandingkan dengan kumpulan
kawalan.
Kata kunci: Hiperkolesterolemia; histopatologi; metabolomik; sel hepatik
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*Corresponding author; email: hanizaaminudin@um.edu.my
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