Sains Malaysiana 46(12)(2017): 2455–2460

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-22

 

Size and Stability of Curcumin Niosomes from Combinations of Tween 80 and Span 80

(Saiz dan Kestabilan Niosom Kurkumin daripada Gabungan Tween 80 dan Span 80)

 

MASRINA MOHD NADZIR1*, TAN WEI FEN1 & ABDUL RAHMAN MOHAMED1

& SITI FARHANA HISHAM1,2

 

1School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

2Biomedical Materials Section, Advanced Materials Research Centre, AMREC, SIRIM Berhad

Lot 34, Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09000 Kulim, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 26 Jun 2016/Diterima: 27 Mac 2017

 

ABSTRACT

The ratios of Tween 80 to Span 80 are important in controlling the physicochemical characteristics of curcumin niosomes. Thus, in this study the correlations of combination of Tween 80 and Span 80 at different ratios with the size and stability of curcumin niosomes were investigated. Initially curcumin was dissolved in chloroform and methanol (v/v= 3:1), followed by the preparation of niosomes by thin-film hydration method with the mole ratio of mixture of Tween 80 and Span 80 to cholesterol of 2:1. The ratios of Tween 80 to Span 80 in the mixture were set at 1:1, 1:9, 9:1, 2:3 and 3:2 with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) values of 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 and 10.72, respectively. As expected, niosome barely formed at HLB value 13.93. This might be due to the molecule being hydrophilic and well hydrated which inhibits the formation of a stable bilayer in solution. It was found that the formulation which has higher Span 80 and lower HLB value leads to larger niosome before sonication. The largest niosome size achieved from Tween 80 to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 and 2:3 was 77.36 and 59.85 μm, respectively. On the other hand, for the ratio of 3:2, the largest niosome formed before sonication was less than 50.00 μm. After sonication, the niosome size reduced to less than 35.00 μm for all formulations. It was showed that formulation with Tween 80 to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 has superior curcumin entrapment efficiency and best stability during storage. The results demonstrated that appropriate ratio of Tween 80 to Span 80 was necessary for forming small and stable curcumin niosomes.

 

Keywords: Characterization; curcumin; niosome; non-ionic surfactants

 

ABSTRAK

Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 adalah penting dalam mengawal ciri fizikokimia niosom kurkumin. Oleh itu, dalam kajian ini korelasi gabungan Tween 80 dan Span 80 pada nisbah-nisbah yang berbeza dengan saiz dan kestabilan niosom kurkumin telah dikaji. Sebagai permulaan, kurkumin telah dilarutkan dalam kloroform dan metanol (v/v = 3:1), diikuti dengan penyediaan niosom-niosom melalui kaedah penghidratan filem nipis dengan nisbah mol campuran Tween 80 dan Span 80 kepada kolesterol bernilai 2:1. Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 dalam campuran ditetapkan pada 1:1, 1:9, 9:1, 2:3 dan 3:2, dengan nilai Imbangan Hidrofilik-Lipofilik (HLB) masing-masing 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 dan 10.72. Seperti yang dijangka, niosom hampir tidak terbentuk pada formulasi dengan nilai HLB pada 13.93. Ini mungkin kerana molekul adalah hidrofilik dan terhidrat, oleh itu menghalang pembentukan dwilapisan yang stabil dalam larutan. Didapati bahawa formulasi yang mempunyai kandungan Span 80 yang lebih tinggi dan nilai HLB yang lebih rendah membawa kepada niosom lebih besar sebelum sonikasi. Saiz niosom terbesar yang dicapai daripada nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 bernilai 1: 9 dan 2: 3 masing-masing adalah 77.36 μm dan 59.85 μm. Sebaliknya, bagi nisbah 3:2, niosom terbesar dibentuk sebelum sonikasi adalah kurang daripada 50.00 μm. Selepas sonikasi, saiz niosom dikurangkan kepada kurang daripada 35.00 μm untuk semua formulasi. Didedahkan bahawa formulasi dengan nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 bernilai 1:9 mempunyai kecekapan pemerangkapan kurkumin yang unggul dan kestabilan terbaik semasa penyimpanan. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 yang sesuai adalah perlu bagi membentuk niosom kurkumin yang kecil dan stabil.

 

Kata kunci: Kurkumin; niosom; pencirian; surfaktan bukan ionic

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: chmasrina@usm.my

 

 

 

 

 

 

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