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Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2917–2925 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-35
Discrete Event Simulation and Data
Envelopment Analysis Models for Selecting the Best Resource Allocation
Alternative at an Emergency Department’s Green Zone (Simulasi Peristiwa Diskret dan Analisis Penyampulan
Data untuk Pemilihan
Alternatif Pengagihan Sumber yang Terbaik di Zon Hijau Jabatan
Kecemasan) NAZHATUL SAHIMA
MOHD
YUSOFF1,
CHOONG-YEUN
LIONG2*,
ABU
YAZID
MD
NOH3
& WAN ROSMANIRA ISMAIL2
1Faculty of Computer Sciences &
Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi
MARA (UiTM) Cawangan
Kelantan, 18500 Machang, Kelantan Darul
Naim, Malaysia 2School of Mathematical Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 3Emergency Department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM),
Jalan Raja Perempuan
Zainab 2, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan
Darul Naim, Malaysia Diserahkan: 18 September 2017/Diterima: 19 Julai 2018 ABSTRACT The Green Zone of Emergency
Department Hospital Universiti Sains
Malaysia (EDHUSM) which provides treatment for non-critical cases
contributes partly to the hustle and bustle in the emergency department.
The imbalance of doctors and nurses with the patient ratio which
forms the resources’ bottleneck further results to the long patients’
waiting time especially after the office hours and during weekends
and public holidays. Collectively, this disproportion and bottlenecks
roots up the current problem faced by Green Zone EDHUSM which constantly fails to achieve
the KPIs set by the hospital. Henceforth, this study focuses
on the best resource allocation of doctors and nurses for shifts
during the weekdays and for shifts during weekends and public
holidays. The hybrid method of Discrete Event Simulation, and
Data Envelopment Analysis models such as BCC-input
oriented and Super-Efficiency, were deployed to obtain the best resource
allocation for the two groups of shift. The method produced a
series of resources allocation alternatives for doctors and nurses
with a total of 64 alternatives for weekdays and 729 alternatives
for weekends and public holidays. The results show that the best
allocation for doctors and nurses during weekdays
are three doctors and three nurses serving for every shift,
while during weekends and public holidays, a combination of four
doctors and four nurses for every shift are the best. The proposed
combinations have reduced the average waiting time, optimized
the utilization of doctors and nurses, and managed to increase
the number of patients served during weekdays, weekends and public
holidays. Keywords: BCC model;
data envelopment analysis; discrete event simulation; efficiency
scores; simulation; super efficiency model ABSTRAK Zon Hijau Jabatan
Kecemasan Hospital Universiti
Sains Malaysia (JKHUSM)
yang memberikan rawatan
untuk kes yang tidak kritikal merupakan antara penyumbang kepada kesibukan dan kesesakan
di JKHUSM. Ketakseimbangan
antara jumlah
doktor dan jururawat
dengan nisbah
pesakit mengakibatkan kesendatan sumber yang menyebabkan purata masa menunggu pesakit yang panjang terutamanya selepas waktu pejabat
bagi hari bekerja
dan pada cuti
hujung minggu
dan kelepasan am. Secara kolektif, ketakseimbangan dan kesendatan ini merupakan faktor
utama kepada
masalah yang dialami di Zon Hijau JKHUSM dan seterusnya gagal mencapai Penunjuk Prestasi Utama jabatan yang ditetapkan oleh hospital.
Oleh itu, kajian
ini memberi
tumpuan kepada menentukan pengagihan sumber yang terbaik dalam memperuntukkan jumlah doktor dan
jururawat yang bekerja
mengikut syif untuk
kelompok hari biasa
dan kelompok hari cuti hujung minggu
dan hari kelepasan
am. Kaedah hibrid Simulasi
Peristiwa Diskret
dengan model BCC-berorentasikan
input dan model Kecekapan
Super yang terdapat dalam
kaedah Analisis Penyampulan Data telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan alternatif pengagihan sumber yang terbaik bagi kedua-dua
kelompok syif
tersebut. Sejumlah 64 alternatif kombinasi untuk doktor dan
jururawat untuk
setiap syif telah
dicadangkan bagi
kelompok hari bekerja, dan 729 alternatif bagi kelompok cuti
hujung minggu
dan kelepasan am. Keputusan menunjukkan jumlah doktor dan
jururawat yang sepatutnya
bertugas bagi kelompok
hari bekerja adalah
seramai tiga orang doktor dan tiga
orang jururawat untuk
setiap syif, manakala
untuk kelompok
cuti hujung minggu
dan kelepasan
am pula, gabungan empat orang doktor dan empat
orang jururawat bertugas
bagi setiap syif
adalah terbaik.
Gabungan yang dicadangkan telah mengurangkan purata masa menunggu pesakit, mengoptimumkan penggunaan sumber dan berjaya meningkatkan
bilangan pesakit
yang dirawat pada hari biasa serta pada
hari cuti hujung
minggu dan kelepasan
am. Kata kunci: Analisis
penyampulan data; model BCC;
model kecekapan super; skor
kecekapan; simulasi;
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pp. 1295-1305. *Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat;
email: lg@ukm.edu.my
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