Sains Malaysiana 47(2)(2018): 235-242

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4702-04

 

Activities of C4 Photosynthetic Pathway Enzymes in Different Bread Wheat Genotypes

under Field Conditions

(Aktiviti Laluan Fotosintesis Enzim C4 dalam Genotip Gandum yang Pelbagai pada Keadaan Lapangan)

 

Bachir Goudia Daoura1, Iqbal Saeed1,2, Quanhao Song1, Yang Yang1, Liang Chen1

& Yin-Gang Hu1, 3*

 

1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

 

2Nifa, Po Box 446, Tarnab, Peshawar, Kp, Pakistan

 

3Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University

Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

 

Diserahkan: 2 Februari 2017/Diterima: 28 Julai 2017

 

ABSTRACT

 

The activities of key C4 photosynthetic enzymes including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPcase), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) were assayed in flag leaves at three major growth stages (heading, anthesis and grain filling) among 59 winter wheat genotypes grown in field conditions. All C4 enzymes expressed in the flag leaves and their activation showed a wide range of variation in relation to different growth stages in all the genotypes. PEPCase, NADP-ME and MDH displayed the highest mean activities of 1.018, 0.758 and 0.731 µmol. min-1.mg-1 protein at heading stage, respectively; while PPDK showed the highest mean activity (0.888 µmol. min-1.mg-1 protein) at grain filling stage. The activities of PEPcase and PPDK were higher at heading stage, decreased at anthesis and again increased at grain filling stage, while NADP-ME and MDH exhibited a decreasing trend at the three stages. The results of the current study could be valuable and useful for wheat researchers in improving photosynthetic capacity of wheat.

 

Keywords: C4 enzymes; flag leaf; photosynthetic efficiency; transgenic plants; wheat

 

ABSTRAK

Aktiviti enzim fotosintesis C4 yang utama termasuk fosfoenol piruvat karboksilase (PEPcase), enzim NADP-malik (NADP-ME), malat dehidrogenase (MDH) dan piruvat fosfat dikinase (PPDK) diasai pada daun bendera dalam tiga peringkat pertumbuhan utama (kepala, antesis dan isi bijirin) dalam kalangan 59 genotip gandum musim sejuk yang ditanam dalam keadaan lapangan berbeza. Semua enzim C4 dinyatakan pada daun bendera dan pengaktifan mereka menunjukkan pelbagai variasi berhubung dengan peringkat pertumbuhan yang berbeza di semua genotip. PEPCase, NADP-ME dan MDH menunjukkan aktiviti min tertinggi sebanyak 1.018, 0.758 dan 0.731 μmol. protein min-1.mg-1 di peringkat tajuk, masing-masing; manakala PPDK menunjukkan aktiviti min tertinggi (0.888 μmol. min-1.mg-1 protein) pada peringkat pengisian bijian. Kegiatan PEPcase dan PPDK lebih tinggi pada peringkat tajuk, menurun pada antesis dan sekali lagi meningkat pada peringkat pengisian bijirin, sementara NADP-ME dan MDH menunjukkan penurunan pada tiga tahap. Keputusan kajian ini bernilai dan bermanfaat untuk penyelidik gandum dalam meningkatkan kapasiti fotosintesis gandum.

 

Kata kunci: Daun bendera; enzim C4; gandum; kecekapan fotosintesis; tumbuhan transgenik

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: Huyingang@Nwsuaf.Edu.Cn

 

 

 

 

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