Sains Malaysiana 47(8)(2018): 1749–1756

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4708-14

Isolation of Carbazole Alkaloids and Coumarins from Aegle marmelos and Murraya koenigii and Their Antioxidant Properties

(Pengasingan Alkaloid dan Koumarin Karbazol daripada Aegle marmelos dan Murraya koenigii serta Sifat Antioksidannya)

ROU CHIAN NG¹, NUR KARTINEE KASSIM^1*, YUNIE SOON YU YEAP¹, GWENDOLINE CHENG LIAN EE¹, SAIFUL LATIFAH YAZAN² & KHALID HAMID MUSA³

¹Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, 43300 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

²Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 43300 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 29 Ogos 2017/Diterima: 21 Mac 2018

ABSTRACT

In this paper, antioxidant properties of Aegle marmelos (stem bark, leaves) and Murraya koenigii (stem bark, root) were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) decolourisation, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and linoleic acid/β-carotene assays. The chloroform extract of Murraya koenigii stem bark was found to possess the highest antioxidant activity in CUPRAC (1490.89 mgTE/g extract). In contrary, the hexane extract from Aegle marmelos leaves exhibited the weakest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (81.06 mgTE/g extract). The bioactive compound mahanimbine (7) isolated from the stem bark of Murraya koenigii was found to be the most active antioxidant agent with TEAC of 927.73 and 1649.31 mgTE/g corresponding to the ABTS and CUPRAC assays, respectively, as well as a good lipid peroxidation inhibitor with an inhibitory percentage of 70.95%. These CUPRAC and ABTS assays are the first report for Malaysian Murraya koenigii species.

Keywords: Aegle marmelos; antioxidant; CUPRAC; mahanimbine; Murraya koenigii

ABSTRAK

Dalam kertas ini, sifat antipengoksida Aegle marmelos (kulit batang, daun) dan Murraya koenigii (kulit batang, akar) dinilai oleh perencatan radikal bebas 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), Asid-2,2’-azino-bis(3-etilbenztiozolin-6-sulfonik) (ABTS), kapasiti antipengoksida penurunan ion kuprik (CUPRAC), kuasa antioksidan penurunan ion ferik (FRAP) dan asid linoleat/β-karotena. Ekstrak kloroform kulit batang Murraya koenigii didapati memiliki aktiviti antioksidan tertinggi dalam CUPRAC (1490.89 mgTE/g ekstrak). Sebaliknya, ekstrak heksana daripada daun Aegle marmelos memperlihatkan aktiviti antioksidan paling lemah dalam penilaian DPPH (81.06 mgTE/g ekstrak). Mahanimbine (7) merupakan sebatian yang diasingkan daripada kulit batang Murraya koenigii didapati sebagai agen antioksidan paling aktif dengan TEAC daripada 927.73 mgTE/g sampel dan 1649.31 mgTE/g sampel sepadan dengan ujian ABTS dan CUPRAC serta perencat lipid yang baik dengan peratusan perencatan 70.95%. Ujian CUPRAC dan ABTS ini merupakan laporan pertama untuk spesies Malaysia Murraya koenigii.

Kata kunci: Aegle marmelos; antioksidan; CUPRAC; mahanimbin; Murraya koenigii

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: kartinee@upm.edu.my