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Sains Malaysiana 48(10)(2019): 20712081 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4810-02
Drinking Water Quality
Assessment of Ergene River Basin (Turkey)
by Water Quality Index: Essential and Toxic Elements (Penilaian
Kualiti Air Minuman
Lembangan Sungai Ergene (Turki) melalui Indeks Kualiti
Air: Unsur Penting dan Toksik) CEM TOKATLI* Department of Laboratory Technology,
Trakya University, Ipsala
Vocational School, İpsala/Edirne,
Turkey Diserahkan: 28 Februari 2019/Diterima: 21 Ogos 2019 ABSTRACT Ergene River
Basin is the most significant aquatic habitat for Thrace Region
and also one of the most polluted watersheds in Turkey. The objectives
of this study were to determine some essential-toxic element accumulations
in drinking water of settlement areas located in Ergene
River Basin and evaluated the water quality in terms of local public
health. Drinking water samples were collected from 30 stations in
dry (summer) season of 2018. Cluster Analysis (CA) was used to classify the investigated elements and villages
and Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI)
was used to assess the water quality. According to results of elemental
CA,
11 statistically significant clusters were formed in terms of elemental
densities and according to results of locational CA,
3 statistically significant clusters were formed in terms of drinking
water qualities. According to results of WAWQI, the risk sequence of the
elements in drinking water of the system as follows: Se > As
> Mo > B > Ba > Cr > Pb
> Mn > Ni > Cd > Cu. Although
Ergene River Basin is known as a very
contaminated freshwater ecosystem, it was determined that the groundwater
of the basin has I. - II class water quality, in general. Selenium
accumulations detected in almost all the investigated villages exceeded
the drinking water limit of 10 ppb. Arsenic, boron and molybdenum
accumulations detected in some villages exceeded the drinking water
standards. Although concentrations of some elements in some locations
were exceed the limit values and recorded as quite high levels,
the majority of investigated element concentrations in drinking
water of the basin have been found to be in the range of human consumption
standards. Keywords: Drinking water quality;
Ergene River Basin; water quality index ABSTRAK Lembangan Sungai
Ergene ialah
habitat akuatik paling signifikan
bagi rantau Thrace dan juga salah kawasan tadahan air yang paling
tercemar di Turki. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk
menentukan beberapa
unsur toksik terkumpul
dalam air minuman
di kawasan penempatan yang terletak di Lembangan Sungai Ergen dan menilai
kualiti air daripada
segi kesihatan penduduk tempatan. Sampel air minum telah diambil daripada
30 stesen pada
musim kering (musim
panas) 2018. Analisis
Kelompok (CA) telah
digunakan untuk
mengkelaskan unsur yang dikaji dan kampung
serta Indeks
Kualiti Air Aritmetik Berpemberat (WAWQI) telah
digunakan untuk
menilai kualiti air. Menurut keputusan unsur CA, 11 kelompok
penting secara
statistik telah dibentuk daripada segi ketumpatan unsur dan mengikut
keputusan lokasi
CA,
3 kelompok utama
secara statistik telah dibentuk daripada segi kualiti
air minuman. Menurut
keputusan WAWQI, jujukan
risiko unsur
dalam air minuman sistem ini adalah
seperti berikut:
Se > As > Mo > B > Ba > Cr > Pb
> Mn > Ni > Cd > Cu. Walaupun
Lembangan Sungai Ergen
dikenali sebagai ekosistem air tawar yang sangat tercemar, telah ditentukan bahawa air bawah tanah di dalam lembangan ini secara
umum mempunyai
kualiti 1 - II kelas air. Pengumpulan selenium dikesan di
hampir kesemua kampung yang dikaji adalah melebihi had air minuman 10 pbb. Pengumpulan arsenik, boron dan molibdebum dikesan di beberapa kampung melebihi piawaian air minuman. Walaupun kepekatan beberapa unsur di beberapa lokasi telah melebihi nilai had dan direkodkan
sebagai tahap
yang agak tinggi, majoriti
kepekatan unsur
yang dikaji dalam air minuman lembangan didapati dalam julat piawaian penggunaan manusia. Kata kunci: Indeks
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