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Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia

53 (1) 2019 73 – 88

Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis
Permintaan terhadap Pendidikan Tinggi Malaysia dalam kalangan Negara-Negara ASEAN: Satu Analisa Berasaskan Klasifikasi Pendapatan

School of Social and Economic Development,
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.

suriyani_md@umt.edu.my

Faculty of Business Management,
Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

fizari754@uitm.edu.my

Faculty of Business Management,
Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

mahyudin@uitm.edu.my

Abstract

In 2009, Malaysia was ranked as the world’s 11th higher education exporter. However, only 2% of international students enrolled in Malaysia for the same year. In addressing the problem, this research proposes an analysis of Malaysia’s higher education demand from a macro perspective. This is important in getting a holistic view on the international demand for the country’s higher education industry, as well as complementing existing micro-researches which specialize in individual demand. All importers (ASEAN countries) have been classified based on the World Bank’s income classification, namely low-income, lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income and high-income. Three variables namely per capita income, consumer price index and physical distance are used in describing the demand. The findings of the study prove that different income classification results in different demand. The identification of high-potential importing countries is essential in achieving a total of 200,000 international enrolments by 2020, as outlined in the Malaysia economic transformation program.

Keywords

ASEAN; gravity model; Higher education; international student; Malaysia
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5301-7
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Muhamad, , Abu Hassan Asari, , & Ahmad, (2019). Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 53(1), 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5301-7

@article{muhamad2019demand,
  title={Demand for Malaysian Higher Education among ASEAN Countries: An Income Classification based Analysis},
  author={Muhamad, Suriyani and Abu Hassan Asari, Fadli Fizari and Ahmad, Mahyudin},
  journal={Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia},
  volume={53},
  number={1},
  pages={73—88},
 

year={2019},
}

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