Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022): 3371-3381

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-21

 

Orthodontic Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption: The Process Involved and Its Management – A Review of Literature

(Penyerapan Akar Gigi Hasil daripada Keradangan Ortodontik: Proses Terlibat dan Pengurusannya - Tinjauan Kepustakaan)

 

STEVEN TAN JUN HONG1, FARINAWATI YAZID1, NURFATHIHA ABU KASIM2, SHAHRUL HISHAM ZAINAL ARIFFIN3 & ROHAYA MEGAT ABDUL WAHAB1

 

1Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

2Halvec Laboratories Sdn. Bhd., G-E-4, GF, Enterprise 4, Technology Park Malaysia, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

3Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 16 November 2021/Accepted: 9 May 2022

 

Abstract

Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is inevitable as the force applied during orthodontic treatment to initiate tooth movement induces inflammation, causing iatrogenic root resorption. Even with the use of new technologies in orthodontic appliances, the traumatic effects on the periodontium are still present. Therefore, a proper understanding of the biological aspect of OIIRR such as its pathophysiology and the repair process is crucial to aid in its prevention or minimizing the damage to the apical region. Reported studies related to root resorption in orthodontics and its management until 2022 were searched electronically via PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords such as ‘root resorption’, ‘orthodontic treatment’, ‘root resorption repair’, and ‘management’. Other sources were taken from the references of the selected papers. The management of OIIRR has not changed much from the past, which is to temporarily stop the active orthodontic treatment for two to three months and a passive archwire can be used instead. However, interventions such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and mechanical vibrational force were introduced to reduce the risk or enhance the healing process of OIIRR. Nevertheless, further studies are warranted to develop a proper usage protocol and the long-term effects of these methods.

 

Keywords: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; low-level laser therapy; orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption

 

Abstrak

Penyerapan akar gigi hasil daripada keradangan ortodontik (OIIRR) tidak dapat dielakkan kerana tekanan yang diberikan semasa rawatan ortodontik untuk menggerakkan gigi akan merangsang proses keradangan dan mengakibatkan penyerapan akar gigi iatrogenik. Walaupun dengan penggunaan teknologi baru dalam aplians ortodontik, kesan trauma pada periodontium masih ada. Dengan ini, pemahaman yang tepat mengenai aspek biologi OIIRR seperti patofisiologi dan proses pembaikan OIIRR adalah sangat penting untuk membantu dalam pencegahan atau meminimakan kerosakan pada kawasan apikal. Kajian yang berkaitan dengan penyerapan akar gigi dalam rawatan ortodontik dan pengurusannya sehingga tahun 2022 telah dicari secara elektronik melalui PubMed, Scopus dan Google Scholar dengan menggunakan kata kunci seperti ‘penyerapan akar gigi’, ‘rawatan ortodontik’, ‘pembaikan penyerapan akar gigi’ dan ‘pengurusan rawatan’. Sumber lain juga diambil daripada rujukan yang terdapat dalam artikel terpilih. Pengurusan rawatan untuk OIIRR tidak banyak berubah sejak dahulu, iaitu menghentikan rawatan aktif ortodontik buat sementara selama dua hingga tiga bulan dan boleh memasang wayar arkus secara pasif. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat kaedah baru seperti terapi laser tahap rendah (LLLT), ultra bunyi denyutan berkeamatan rendah (LIPUS) dan daya getaran mekanikal telah diperkenalkan untuk mengurangkan risiko atau membantu dalam proses penyembuhan OIIRR. Namun, kajian lanjutan diperlukan untuk menentukan protokol penggunaan yang betul dan kesan jangka panjang kaedah tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: Penyerapan akar gigi hasil daripada keradangan ortodontik; terapi laser tahap rendah; ultrabunyi denyutan berkeamatan rendah

 

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*Corresponding author; email: rohaya_megat@ukm.edu.my

 

 

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