Sains Malaysiana 39(2)(2010): 261–265

 

Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles via Sucrose Ester Micelle-Mediated Hydrothermal Processing Route

 

(Sintesis Nanozarah Titanium Dioksida melalui Kaedah Misel Ester Sukrosa dalam Proses Hidroterma)

 

N.S. Anwar, A. Kassim, H.N. Lim*, S.A. Zakarya

Chemistry Department, , Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

N.M. Huang

Solid State Physics Research Laboratory

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya

50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

Received : 7 May 2009 / Accepted: 3 September 2009

 

ABSTRACT

 

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized via low-temperature sucrose ester micelle-mediated hydrothermal processing route using titanium isopropoxide as the precursor. X-ray diffractometer revealed that the samples possessed a mixed crystalline phases consisting of anatase and brookite in which anatase was the main phase. Upon increasing the hydrothermal reaction temperature, the degree of crystallinity of the nanoparticles improved and their morphology transformed from bundles of needles to rods and to spheres. Photocatalytic behaviour of the as-synthesized nanoparticles was investigated by photodegradation of methylene blue solution in an ultraviolet A irradiating photoreactor. The as-synthesized nanoparticles exhibited higher photocatalytic performance as compared to the commercial counterpart.

 

Keywords: Hydrothermal; nanoparticles; photocatalyst; sucrose ester; titanium dioxide

 

ABSTRAK

 

Nanozarah titanium dioksida disintesis melalui kaedah misel ester sukrosa dalam proses hidroterma menggunakan titanium isopropoksida sebagai pemula. Penyerakan sinar-X membuktikan sampel-sampel tersebut mengandungi campuran fasa hablur yang terdiri daripada anatase dan brokit dengan anatase merupakan fasa utama. Apabila suhu proses hidroterma ditingkatkan, darjah penghabluran nanozarah meningkat dan morfologi berubah daripada jarum ke rod dan ke sfera. Sifat fotokatalitik nanozarah yang dihasilkan diuji menerusi fotodegradasi larutan metilena biru di dalam fotoreaktor sinaran ultralembayung A. Nanozarah tersebut mempamerkan aktiviti fotokatalitik yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan titanium dioksida yang telah dikomersialkan.

 

Kata kunci: Ester sukrosa; fotokatalis; Hidroterma; nanozarah titanium dioksida

 

REFERENCES

 

Baldassari, S., Komarneni, S., Mariani, E. & Villa, C. 2005. Microwave-hydrothermal process for the synthesis of rutile. Materials Research Bulletin 40: 2014-2020.

Gautam, K.K. & Tyagi, V.K. 2006. Microbial surfactants: A review. Journal of Oleo Science 55: 155-166.

Isley, S.L., David, S., Jordan, R. & Penn, L. 2008. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Impact of increasing ionic strength during synthesis, reflux and hydrothermal aging. Materials Research Bulletin 44: 1-7.

Kawai-Nakamura, A., Sato, T., Sue, K., Tanaka, S., Saitoh, K., Aida, K. & Hiaki, T. 2008. Rapid and continuous hydrothermal synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with a microtube-reactor at 523 K and 30 MPa. Materials Letters 62: 3471-3471.

Kim, S.Y., Lim, T.H., Chang, T.S. & Shin, C.H. 2007. Photocatalysis of methylene blue on titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by modified sol-hydrothermal process of TiCl4. Catalysis Letters 117: 112-118.

Kim, J.H., Noh, B.H., Lee, G.D. & Hong, S.S. 2005. Hydrothermal synthesis of titanium dioxide using acidic peptizing agents and their photocatalytic activity. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 22: 370-374.

Lazau, C., Mocanu, L., Miron, I., Sfirloaga, P., Tanasie, G., Tatu, C., Gruia, A. & Grozescu, I. 2007. Consideration regarding the use of TiO2 doped nanoparticles in medicine. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures2: 257-263.

Li, H.B., Duan, X.C., Liu, G.C., Jia, X.B. & Liu, X.Q. 2008. Morphology controllable synthesis of TiO2 by a facile hydrothermal process. Materials Letters 62: 4035-4037.

Ramaswamy, V., Jagtap, N.B., Vijayanand, S., Bhange, D.S. & Awati, P.S. 2008. Photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue on nanocrystalline titania prepared by different methods. Materials Research Bulletin 43: 1145-1152.

Rashidzadeh, M. 2008. Synthesis of high-thermal stable titanium dioxide nanoparticles. International Journal of Photoenergy: 1-4.

Reddy, K. M., Guin, D., Manorama, S.V. & Reddy, A.R. 2004. Selective synthesis of nanosized TiO2 by hydrothermal route: Characterization, structure property relation, and photochemical application. Journal of Materials Research 19: 2567-2575.

Ritzoulis, C., Scoutaris, N., Papademetriou, K., Stavroulias, S. & Panayiotou, C. 2005. Milk protein-based emulsion gels for bone tissue engineering. Food Hydrocolloids 19: 575-581.

Wang, F. M., Shi, Z.S., Gong, F. & Jiu, J.T. 2007. Morphology control of TiO2 anatase by surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 15: 754-759.

Youan, B. C., Hussain, A. & Nguyen, N.T. 2003. Evaluation of sucrose esters as alternative surfactants in microencapsulation of proteins by the solvent evaporation method. AAPS PharmSci 5: 1-9.

 

*Corresponding author; email: janet_limhn@yahoo.com

 

 

previous