Sains Malaysiana 44(12)(2015): 1685–1691

 

Bioactive Constituent Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Ganoderma lucidum Extract Fractionated by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

(Pencirian Juzuk Bioaktif dan Aktiviti Antioksidan Ekstrak Ganoderma lucidum

Terpecah oleh Karbon Dioksida Supergenting)

 

MEI-SU LIN1,2, ZER-RAN YU3, BE-JEN WANG1, CHENG-CHI WANG4, YIH-MING WENG1 & MALCOLM KOO*5

 

1Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City, 60004,

Taiwan

 

2Biotechnology Research Center, Far East University, 49 Zhonghua Road, Tainan City, 74448,

Taiwan 1691

 

3Superwell Biotechnology Corporation, 465 Wenxin South 2nd Road, Taichung City, 40876, Taiwan

 

4Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, 57, Sec. 2, Zhongshan Road, Taiping District, Taichung, 41170, Taiwan

 

5Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation

2 Minsheng Road, Dalin, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan

 

Received: 25 August 2014/Accepted: 23 June 2015

 

ABSTRACT

Ganoderma lucidum has been recognized as a precious fungus in both Chinese and Japanese traditional medicine for centuries. It contains many bioactive ingredients such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides. The present study used supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) fractionation to fractionate Ganoderma lucidum extract into four fractions (R, F1, F2, & F3) and evaluate the correlation between the content of functional components and their antioxidant ability. Relatively high concentrations of the three types of bioactive constituents were simultaneously partitioned into different fractionation collecting vessels. The free radical scavenging ability was greatest in F1. The IC50 of DPPH scavenging ability was 0.90 mg/mL and that of ABTS radicals scavenging activity was 0.45 mg/mL. The correlation analysis of antioxidant ability with total triterpenoids and total polyphenols showed a positive relationship. In conclusion, this study showed that fractionation of Ganoderma lucidum extract using SC-CO2 fractionation technology was able to effectively partition its bioactive components including triterpenoids, polysaccharides and phenolic compounds and also to increase the antioxidant activities of the fractions.

 

Keywords: Antioxidant activities; Ganoderma lucidum; supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation; total polysaccharides; total triterpenoids

ABSTRAK

Ganoderma lucidum telah dikenal pasti sebagai kulat berharga dalam kedua-dua perubatan tradisi Cina dan Jepun selama berabad-abad. Ia mengandungi banyak bahan bioaktif seperti triterpenoids dan polisakarida. Kajian ini menggunakan pemecahan karbon dioksida supergenting (SC-CO2) untuk ekstrak Ganoderma lucidum terpecah kepada empat pecahan (R, F1, F2 , & F3) dan menilai hubung kait antara kandungan komponen berfungsi dan keupayaan antioksidan mereka. Kepekatan yang agak tinggi daripada tiga jenis juzuk bioaktif dibahagikan secara serentak kepada pemeringkatan vesel pengumpulan berbeza. Keupayaan skaveng radikal bebas adalah terbaik dalam F1. IC50 keupayaan skaveng DPPH adalah 0.90 mg/mL dan aktiviti skaveng radikal ABTS adalah 0.45 mg/mL. Analisis korelasi kemampuan antioksidan dengan jumlah triterpenoid dan polifenol menunjukkan hubungan yang positif. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pemeringkatan ekstrak Ganoderma lucidum menggunakan teknologi pemeringkatan SC-CO2 dapat memisahkan komponen bioaktif dengan berkesan termasuk triterpenoid, polisakarida dan sebatian fenolik serta meningkatkan aktiviti antioksidan pecahan.

 

Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksidan; Ganoderma lucidum; jumlah polisakarida; jumlah triterpenoid; karbon dioksida superkritikal pemeringkatan

 

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*Corresponding author; email: m.koo@utoronto.ca

 

 

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