Sains Malaysiana 44(3)(2015): 371–377

 

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Pond Water Associated with Integrated Poultry-Fish Farming in Bangladesh

(Kejadian Bakteria Rintangan Antibiotik dalam Air Kolam Takungan yang Berkaitan dengan Penternakan Ayam-Ikan Bersepadu di Bangladesh)

 

 

FARZANA ASHRAFI NEELA1*, MST. NASRIN AKHTER BANU1, MD. ATIQUR RAHMAN1,

M. HABIBUR RAHMAN2 & M. FIROZ ALAM1

 

1Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

 

2Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

 

Received: 14 July 2014/Accepted: 6 October 2014

 

ABSTRACT

The use of antibiotics in poultry feed can cause antibiotic resistance in integrated poultry-fish farming pond environment. Therefore, the goal of this study was to monitor the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria in pond water associated with poultry-fish farming in Bangladesh. The results showed that the prevalence rate of tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria were 0.24 to 2.59% and 0.16 to 1.0%, respectively. The higher prevalence rate of TC and AMP-resistant bacteria was found in site 3 followed by site 4 and 2 compared with control site 1. Site 2, 3 and 4 were adjacent to the integrated poultry farm. On the other hand, higher TC and AMP-resistant bacteria were found in the rainy season than in the winter. The minimum inhibitory concentration result showed quite high level of TC and AMP-resistant bacterial distribution in the pond water. Seven genera of resistant bacteria were identified in pond water samples by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Among them Acinetobacter sp. was predominant followed by Enterococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus, Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp. and Brevibacillus sp.

 

Keywords: Antibiotics; integrated fish farm; poultry; resistant bacteria

 

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan antibiotik dalam makanan ayam boleh menyebabkan penentangan antibiotik dalam persekitaran kolam penternakan bersepadu ternakan ikan. Oleh itu, matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk memantau kekerapan bakteria rintangan drug dalam air kolam yang berkaitan dengan ternakan ikan ternakan di Bangladesh. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kadar prevalens tetrasiklin (TC) dan bakteria rintangan-ampisilin (AMP) masing-masing adalah 0.24 kepada 2.59% dan 0.16 kepada 1.0%. Kadar kelaziman bakteria TC dan rintangan-AMP yang tinggi didapati dalam tapak 3 yang diikuti oleh tapak 4 dan 2 berbanding dengan kawalan tapak 1. Tapak 2, 3 dan 4 adalah bersebelahan dengan ladang ayam bersepadu. Selain itu, bakteria TC dan rintangan-AMP yang lebih tinggi ditemui dalam musim hujan daripada pada musim sejuk. Hasil kepekatan rencatan minimum menunjukkan tahap yang agak tinggi untuk pengagihan bakteria TC dan rintangan-AMP di dalam air kolam. Tujuh genus bakteria rintangan dikenal pasti dalam sampel air kolam oleh analisis gen 16 rRNA. Antaranya Acinetobacter sp. adalah pradominan diikuti oleh bakteria Enterococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus, Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp. dan Brevibacillus sp.

 

Kata kunci: Antibiotik; ayam; bakteria rintangan; kolam ikan bersepadu

 

REFERENCES

 

Aarestrup, F.M., Agerso, Y., Gerner-Smidt, P., Madsen, M. & Jensen, LB. 2000. Comparison of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and resistance genes in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium from humans in the community, broilers, and pigs in Denmark. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 37(2): 127-137.

Chee-sanford, J.C., Aminov, R.I., Krapac, I.J., Garrigues-Jean, N. & Mackie, R.I. 2001. Occurrence and diversity of tetracycline resistance genes in lagoons and groundwater underlying two swine production facilities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67(4): 1494-1502.

Chopra, I. & Roberts, M. 2001. Tetracycline antibiotics: Mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 65(2): 232-260.

DePaola, A., Peeler, J.T. & Rodrick, G.E. 1995. Effect of oxytetracycline-mediated feed on antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria in catfish ponds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61(6): 2335-2340.

Furushita, M., Shiba, T., Maeda, T., Yahata, M., Kaneoka, A., Takahashi, Y., Torii, K., Hasegawa, T. & Ohta, M. 2003. Similarity of tetracycline resistance genes isolated from fish farm bacteria to those from clinical isolates. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69(9): 5336-5342.

Guardabassi, L., Dijkshoorn, L., Collard, J.M., Olsen, J.E. & Dalsgaard, A. 2000. Distribution and in vitro transfer of tetracycline resistance determinants in clinical and aquatic Acinetobacter strains. Journal of Medical Microbiology 49(10): 929-936.

Hoa, P.T.P., Managaki, S., Nakada, N., Takada, H., Shimizu, A., Anh, D.H., Viet, P.H. & Suzuki, S. 2011. Antibiotic contamination and occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria aquatic environments of northern Vietnam. Science of the Total Environment 409: 2894-2901.

Hoa, P.T.P., Nonaka, L., Viet, P.H. & Suzuki, S. 2008. Detection of the sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in sulfonamide-resistant bacteria from wastewater and shrimp ponds of north Vietnam. Science of the Total Environment 405(1): 377-384.

Kim, S.R., Nonaka, L. & Suzuki, S. 2004. Occurrence of tetracycline resistance genes tet(M) and tet(S) in bacteria from marine aquaculture sites. FEMS Microbiology Letters 237(1): 147-156.

Little, D. & Muir, J. 1987. A Guide to Integrated Warm Water Aquaculture. University of Stirling: Institute of Aquaculture Publications.

Neela, F.A., Rahman, M.A., Banu, M.N.A., Rahman, M.H., Ohta, H. & Alam, M.F. 2012. Occurrence of two antibiotic resistant bacteria in aquatic environment associated with shrimp farming in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 41(2): 197-200.

Neela, F.A., Nonaka, L., Rahman, M.H. & Suzuki, S. 2009. Transfer of the chromosomally encoded tetracycline resistant gene tet(M) from marine bacteria to Escherichia coli and

Enterococcus faecalis. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 25(6): 1095-1101.

Neela, F.A., Nonaka, L. & Suzuki, S. 2007. The diversity of multi-drug resistance profiles in tetracycline-resistance Vibrio species isolated from coastal sediments and seawater. Journal of Microbiology 45(1): 64-68.

Petersen, A. & Dalsgaard, A. 2002. Antimicrobial resistance of intestinal Aeromonas spp. and Enterococcus spp. in fish cultured in integrated broiler-fish farms in Thailand. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68(12): 4908-4915.

Peterson, A., Andersen, J.S., Kaewmak, T., Somsiri, T. & Dalsgaard, A. 2002. Impact of integrated fish farming on antimicrobial resistance in a pond environment. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68(12): 6036-6042.

Rahman, M.H., Nonaks, L., Tago, R. & Suzuki S. 2008. Occurrence of two genotypes of tetracycline (TC) resistance gene tet(M) in the TC-resistant bacteria in marine sediments of Japan. Environmental Science and Technology 42(14): 5055-5061.

Rahman, M.A. & Samad, M.A. 2004. Important systemic and miscellaneous diseases associated with morbidity and mortality in commercial poultry in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(1): 91-98.

Roberts, M.C. 2005. Update on acquired tetracycline resistance genes. FEMS Microbiology Letters 245(2): 195-203.

Sayah, R.S., Kaneene, J.B., Johnson, Y. & Miller, R. 2005. Patterns of antimicrobial resistance observed in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from domestic-and wild-animal fecal samples, human septage, and surface water. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71(3): 1394-1404.

Walsh, C. 2003. Antibiotics that block bacterial protein biosynthesis. In Antibiotics: Actions, Origins, Resistance. Washington D.C.: ASM Press.

 

 

*Corresponding author; email: nfarzanaashrafi@yahoo.com

 

 

previous