Sains Malaysiana 50(8)(2021): 2395-2405

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5008-21

Physicochemical Properties of MoVTeNb Mixed Oxide Catalysts Synthesized using Different Vanadium Sources

(Sifat Fizikokimia Pemangkin Pencampuran Oksida MoVTeNb Dihasilkan dengan Punca Vanadium yang Berbeza)

HASLINDA MOHD SIDEK^1,2, IRMAWATI RAMLI^1,2*, NORHAZLIN ZAINUDDIN², HOSSEIN ABBASTABAR AHANGAR³ & TAUFIQ-YAP YUN HIN^1,2,4

¹Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT), Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, 85141-43131 Najafabad, Iran

⁴Chancellery Office, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Received: 6 November 2020/Accepted: 30 December 2020

ABSTRACT

The use of different vanadium sources in the synthesis of multi-metal MoVTeNb oxide catalysts has been investigated for their effect on the physicochemical properties of catalysts. Metal oxides were synthesized by slurry method assisted with a microwave irradiation. Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅), vanadyl sulphate (VOSO₄) and ammonium metavanadate (NH₄VO₃) were used as the vanadium sources, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern showed the existence of orthorhombic (M1) phases in all catalysts.  The catalyst prepared using V₂O₅ produced the highest formation of the phase. This was further supported by Inductive Couple Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), which showed that the V₂O₅ catalyst has the highest V: Mo ratio, mainly responsible for the high catalytic activity. Temperature Programmed Reduction in Hydrogen (H₂-TPR) showed better reducibility for the catalyst when compared to the others. Temperature Programmed Reaction (TPRn) confirmed that the oxidants active for propane conversion into acrylic acid were originated from the lattice of the catalyst.

Keywords: Acrylic acid; anaerobic reaction; MoVTeNb mixed metal oxide; propane oxidation; vanadium source

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan punca vanadium yang berlainan dalam sintesis pemangkin oksida berbilang logam MoVTeNb telah dikaji kesannya terhadap sifat fizikokimia mangkin. Logam oksida disintesis dengan kaedah buburan berbantu radiasi gelombang mikro. Vanadium pentoksida (V2O₅), vanadil sulfat (VOSO₄) dan amonium metavanadat (NH₄VO₃) telah digunakan sebagai punca vanadium. Corak pembelauan sinar-X (XRD) mendedahkan kewujudan fasa ortorombik (M1) pada semua sampel. Sampel yang disediakan menggunakan V₂O₅ menghasilkan pembentukan fasa tersebut yang tertinggi. Ini disokong oleh Plasma Gandingan Aruhan-Spektroskopi Pancaran Atom (ICP-AES), yang menunjukkan bahawa mangkin V₂O₅ mempunyai nisbah V: Mo tertinggi, kerana ia bertanggungjawab untuk meningkatkan aktiviti pemangkinan. Penurunan Suhu Berprogram Hidrogen (H₂-TPR) menunjukkan sifat kebolehturunan yang lebih baik untuk mangkin ini berbanding dengan yang lain. Tindak Balas Suhu yang Diprogramkan (TPRn) mengesahkan bahawa oksidan aktif bagi penukaran propana kepada asid akrilik berasal daripada kekisi mangkin.

Kata kunci: Asid akrilik; logam oksida campuran MoVTeNb; pengoksidaan propana; punca vanadium; tindak balas anaerobik

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*Corresponding author; email: irmawati@upm.edu.my