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Sains Malaysiana
51(11)(2022): 3551-3566
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-04
Effect of Anthropogenic Activity on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Functional Feeding
Groups in Small Streams
of West Sumatra, Indonesia
(Kesan Aktiviti Antropogen pada Kumpulan Fungsian Pemakanan Bentik Makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kecil Sumatra Barat, Indonesia)
JOJOK SUDARSO*, TRI SURYONO, GUNAWAN P. YOGA, IMROATUSSHOOLIKHAH,
AIMAN IBRAHIM, LAELA SARI, MUHAMMAD BADJOERI & OCTAVIANTO SAMIR
Puslit
Limnologi-LIPI, Jl. Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, 16911, Cibinong, Indonesia
Received: 1
March 2022/Accepted:
7 July 2022
Abstract
Functional
feeding groups (FFG) of benthic macroinvertebrates have been used to
characterize the condition of aquatic ecosystems, changes in land use, and
assess the river health ecosystems. Ranggeh River belongs to a small river that
plays a vital role in breeding the native fish of Lake Maninjau (West Sumatra).
Agricultural activities and human settlements around the Ranggeh River can
threaten life and change the FFG of benthic macroinvertebrates. This study aims
to analyze and observe changes in water quality by anthropogenic activities and
their impact on FFG benthic macroinvertebrates in a small stream (Ranggeh
River). This research was conducted at the Ranggeh River segment from
February to August 2019. A sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates was carried
out using a Hess sampler on the riffle. This study shows that predators,
shredders, and scrapers are still dominant when the Ranggeh River ecosystem is
still minimally disturbed by agricultural activities and settlements. However,
when agriculture activities and human settlements become more massive, the dominant FFGs are collector-filterers and collector-gatherers.
Sedimentation parameters (turbidity and % embeddedness) in the Ranggeh River
greatly influence predators, scrapers, and shredders.
FFG has excellent potential to be further developed in preparing biocriteria
for the effects of agriculture and human settlements.
Keywords: Benthic macroinvertebrates; pollution; sedimentation; tropical; water quality
Abstrak
Kumpulan fungsian pemakanan (FFG) daripada organisma bentik makroinvertebrata
telah digunakan untuk mencirikan keadaan ekosistem akuatik, perubahan
penggunaan tanah, serta menilai kesihatan ekosistem sungai. Sungai Ranggeh
merupakan sungai kecil yang memainkan peranan penting dalam jalur migrasi ikan tempatan Danau Maninjau (Sumatera Barat). Aktiviti pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk di
sekitar Sungai Ranggeh boleh mengancam kehidupan dan mengubah FFG bentik makroinvertebrata.
Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memerhati perubahan kualiti
air oleh aktiviti antropogen dan kesannya terhadap FFG bentik makroinvertebrata
di Sungai Ranggeh. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan di segmen Sungai Ranggeh dari Februari
hingga Ogos 2019. Persampelan makroinvertebrata bentik telah dijalankan
menggunakan alat Hess-sampler di bahagian balan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa apabila ekosistem Sungai
Ranggeh masih terganggu pada tahap minimum oleh aktiviti pertanian
dan pemukiman penduduk, pemangsa FFG, pencarik dan pengikis masih dominan. Namun ketika aktiviti pertanian dan
pemukiman penduduk menjadi lebih pesat, FFG yang dominan adalah pemungut-penapis dan pengumpul-pemungut. Parameter sedimentasi
(kekeruhan dan % batu tertanam) di Sungai Ranggeh mempunyai pengaruh yang besar
terhadap FFG pemangsa, pengikis dan pencarik.
FFG mempunyai potensi besar untuk dikembangkan lagi dalam penyediaan
biokriteria untuk kesan pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk.
Keywords: Bentik makroinvertebrata; kualiti air; pemendapan; pencemaran; tropika
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*Corresponding author; email: yoyo@limnologi.lipi.go.id
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