Sains Malaysiana 44(9)(2015): 1249–1255

 

Fertility Suppression in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats by Administration of Methanolic Extract of Hempedu bumi (Andrographis paniculata)

(Penindasan Kesuburan dalam Tikus Jantan Sprague-Dawley melalui Pemberian Ekstrak Metanol Hempedu bumi (Andrographis paniculata))

 

 

DAYANG NURUL FATIHAH & MAHANEM, M.N.*

 

School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 10 September 2014/Diterima: 8 Mei 2015

 

ABSTRACT

The recent expanding rat population is causing severe economic losses and diseases in human. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antifertility effects of Andrographis paniculata (AP) methanol extract on the weight of testis, sexual behaviour, fertility, sperm quality and serum testosterone level in treated male rats compared with control rats. A total of 21 adult male rats Sprague-Dawley aged 12 weeks were divided into three groups; control group (distilled water), low dose group (800 mg/kg) and high dose group (1600 mg/kg) of AP methanol extracts given orally for 24 days. Body and testis weight, sexual behaviour test, fertility test, sperm quality and serum testosterone level were measured. Oral administration of AP methanol extract showed a significant decrease in testis weight, number of mountings, number of fetuses, sperm count, sperm motility and serum testosterone levels for all treatment group as compared with the control group, whereas mortality showed a significant increase. Observation on testis histology of treatment group exhibited features of degeneration in Sertoli cells and germinal cells in the seminiferous tubules, followed by the shrinkage of Leydig cells as compared with the control group, which showed characteristics of normal spermatogenesis. In conclusion, AP methanol extract exhibited antifertility effects in male rats, suggesting that AP is a potential herb to be applied as rodenticide.

 

Keywords: Andrographis paniculata; infertility; male contraception; sexual behaviour; sperm quality; testosterone

 

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan populasi tikus mendatangkan kerugian daripada segi ekonomi dan penyakit kepada manusia. Objektif utama kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk menguji kesan ekstrak Andrographis paniculata (AP) ke atas berat testis, kelakuan seksual, kesuburan, kualiti sperma dan aras hormon testosteron tikus jantan perlakuan berbanding kawalan. Sebanyak 21 ekor tikus jantan dewasa Sprague-Dawley berusia 12 minggu dibahagikan kepada tiga kumpulan; kumpulan kawalan (air suling), dos rendah (800 mg/kg) dan dos tinggi (1600 mg/kg) ekstrak AP yang diberikan secara suap paksa selama 24 hari. Berat badan dan berat testis, kelakuan seksual, kesuburan, kualiti sperma dan aras hormon testosteron diukur dan dicatat. Pemberian ekstrak AP secara suap paksa menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan pada berat testis, bilangan pemanjatan, jumlah fetus, bilangan sperma, motiliti sperma, aras hormon testosteron pada semua kumpulan tikus perlakuan berbanding kawalan, manakala gred mortaliti sperma menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan. Pemerhatian ke atas histologi testis tikus yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak AP mempamerkan ciri-ciri degenerasi pada sel germinal tubul seminiferus dan sel Sertoli, serta berlaku pengecutan pada sel Leydig, berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri spermatogenesis yang normal. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak AP didapati memberi kesan antikesuburan pada tikus jantan, seterusnya mencadangkan tumbuhan AP berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai rodentisid.

 

Kata kunci: Agen kontraseptif; Andrographis paniculata; antikesuburan; kelakuan seksual; kualiti sperma; testosterone

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mahanem@ukm.edu.my

 

 

 

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