Sains Malaysiana 46(8)(2017): 1269–1278

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4608-12

 

Hydrolysis of Residual Starch from Sago Pith Residue and Its Fermentation to Bioethanol

(Hidrolisis Sisa Kanji daripada Hampas Sagu serta Fermentasinya kepada Bioetanol)

 

NURUL ADELA BUKHARI1*, SOH KHEANG LOH1, NASRIN ABU BAKAR1 & MAIZAN ISMAIL2

 

1Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Research Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

2Crop and Livestock Integration,, Integration Research and Extension Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 14 Julai 2015/Diterima: 24 Januari 2017

 

ABSTRACT

Utilisation of sago pith residue (SPR) for fermentable sugar production using both acid and enzymatic hydrolysis was studied. In acid hydrolysis, the effect of solid and acid concentrations, temperature and reaction time was optimised. The effect of enzyme dosage was studied on enzymatic hydrolysis of SPR. Higher yield and conversion of 0.73 g g-1 (96% conversion) was achieved by treating 6% (w v-1) of SPR with 1% (v v-1) H2SO4 at 125°C for 90 min as compared to 0.61 g g-1 (79% conversion) using 40 U g-1 biomass of Aspergillus niger amyloglucosidase incubated at 60°C and pH4 for 48 h. The fermentation of acid hydrolysate of SPR demonstrated that high ethanol yield of 98% can be achieved without supplementation of nitrogen and nutrients. The complete process showed that 470 L of bioethanol could be produced from 1 tonne of SPR. This figure makes SPR an ideal raw material for bio-conversion into bioethanol or other value-added products.

 

Keywords: Acid hydrolysis; bioethanol; enzymatic hydrolysis; fermentation; sago pith residue

 

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan hampas sagu (SPR) untuk penghasilan gula menggunakan hidrolisis asid dan enzim telah dikaji. Dalam hidrolisis asid, kesan kepekatan pepejal dan asid, suhu dan masa tindak balas telah dioptimumkan. Kesan dos enzim pula dikaji dalam hidrolisis enzim terhadap SPR. Hasil yang lebih tinggi dengan penukaran sebanyak 0.73 g g-1 (96% penukaran) telah dicapai dengan merawat 6% (w v-1) hampas sagu menggunakan 1% (v v-1) H2SO4 pada 125°C selama 90 min berbanding dengan 0.61 g g-1 (79% penukaran) menggunakan 40 U g-1 amiloglukosidase Aspergillus niger yang dieram pada 60°C, pH4 selama 48 jam. Fermentasi hidrolisat asid hampas sagu menunjukkan hasil etanol yang tinggi iaitu sebanyak 98% boleh dicapai tanpa penambahan nitrogen dan nutrien. Proses bio-penukaran lengkap menunjukkan 470 L bioetanol boleh dihasilkan daripada 1 tan hampas sagu. Hasil yang diperoleh ini mencadangkan hampas sagu sebagai bahan mentah yang sesuai untuk bio-penukaran kepada bioetanol atau produk nilai tambah yang lain.

 

Kata kunci: Bioetanol; fermentasi; hampas sawit; hidrolisis asid; hidrolisis enzim

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: adela@mpob.gov.my

 

 

 

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