Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1421–1428

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-10

 

Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Photosynthesis, Growth and Biomass in Shorea platycarpa F. Heim (Meranti Paya)

(Kesan Peningkatan CO2 dalam Atmosfera terhadap Fotosintesis, Pertumbuhan dan Biojisim Shorea platycarpa F. Heim (Meranti Paya))

 

NOR LAILATUL WAHIDAH, M.1,4*, WAN JULIANA, W.A.,1 NIZAM, M.S.1,3 & CHE RADZIAH, C.M.Z.2

 

1School of Environmental & Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

2School of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

3Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

4School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Cawangan Pahang, Kampus Jengka, 26400 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Pahang Darul Makmur

Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 31 Ogos 2016/Diterima: 1 April 2017

 

 

ABSTRACT

Elevated atmospheric CO2 is widely reported to stimulate the plant growth and affect plant physiological processes. However, studies on the respond of tropical plant species to elevated CO2 are quite limited and remain largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics, growth and biomass in Shorea platycarpa. Saplings of S. platycarpa were grown for seven months in the open roof gas chamber supplied with elevated CO2 (800±50 μmol mol-1) and in the shade house with ambient CO2 (400±50 μmol mol-1). Measurements of S. platycarpa growth and photosynthetic characteristics were made at frequent intervals. Biomass characteristics were determined using destructive methods after seven months of treatment and nondestructive method was used for leaf area index (LAI) determination. Photosynthetic rate (A) of S. platycarpa was not significantly affected by elevated CO2. Increased water use efficiency (WUE) of S. platycarpa grown in elevated CO2 was due to the reduced stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E). The CO2 elevation had no significant effect on the S. platycarpa relative growth rates (RGR) and biomass but significantly reduced the leaf area. A weak correlation was found between photosynthetic rate (A) and relative growth rate (RGR). The results clearly showed that photosynthesis, growth rate and biomass of S. platycarpa were not significantly enhanced by elevated CO2. The findings indicated that elevated CO2 did not affect a relatively slow growing and a late successional peat swamp tree species.

 

Keywords: Biomass; elevated CO2; growth rate; photosynthesis; Shorea platycarpa

 

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan CO2 dalam atmosfera telah dilaporkan secara meluas kerana dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan pokok dan memberi kesan kepada proses fisiologi pokok. Namun begitu, kajian ke atas tindak balas spesies pokok tropika terhadap peningkatan CO2 agak terhad dan sebahagian besarnya tidak diketahui. Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk mengkaji kesan rawatan peningkatan CO2 dalam atmosfera ke atas ciri fotosintesis, pertumbuhan dan biojisim Shorea platycarpa. Anak pokok S. platycarpa telah ditanam selama tujuh bulan di dalam bilik gas dengan bumbung terbuka dan dibekalkan dengan peningkatan CO2 (800±50 μmol mol-1) dan di dalam rumah teduh dengan ambien CO2 (400±50 μmol mol-1). Pengukuran secara selang berulang ke atas pertumbuhan S. platycarpa dan ciri fotosintesis telah dibuat. Selepas tujuh bulan rawatan, ciri biojisim telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan kaedah musnah dan tanpa musnah untuk indeks luas daun (LAI). Kadar fotosintesis (A) S. platycarpa tidak dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh peningkatan CO2. Peningkatan kecekapan penggunaan air (WUE) S. platycarpa yang hidup di CO2 berganda disebabkan oleh pengurangan stomata konduktans (gs) dan kadar transpirasi (E). Peningkatan CO2 tidak memberi kesan signifikan ke atas kadar pertumbuhan relatif (RGR) dan biojisim tetapi mengurangkan luas daun secara signifikan. Korelasi lemah wujud antara kadar fotosintesis (A) dengan kadar pertumbuhan relatif (RGR). Hasil jelas menunjukkan bahawa fotosintesis, kadar pertumbuhan dan biojisim S. platycarpa tidak meningkat secara signifikan dengan peningkatan CO2. Penemuan tersebut memberi indikasi bahawa peningkatan CO2 tidak memberi kesan kepada spesies pokok paya gambut dengan ciri pertumbuhan perlahan secara relatif dan lewat sesaran.

 

Kata kunci: Biojisim; fotosintesis; kadar pertumbuhan; peningkatan CO2; Shorea platycarpa

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: lailatul34@gmail.com

 

 

 

 

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