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Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2713–2729 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-15
More Ulam
for Your Brain: A Review on the Potential Role of Ulam
in Protecting Against Cognitive Decline (Lebihkan Ulam untuk Otak
Anda: Suatu Kajian tentang Potensi Ulam dalam Lindungi Penyusutan
Fungsi Kognitif) YEEXING YOU1,2, SUZANA SHAHAR1,2*,
HASNAH
HARON3
& HANIS MASTURA YAHYA3 1Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE),
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda
Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia 2Head of Centre
for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan
Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia 3Nutritional Sciences
Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing
and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda
Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia Diserahkan: 29 Mac 2018/Diterima: 5 Julai 2018 ABSTRACT Ulam is
the South East Asian traditional vegetables which contains high
total phenolic content and exhibits antioxidant activity. Several
studies have reported the potential of neuroprotective effect
of ulam. The objective of this
review article was to highlight the total phenolic content (TPC)
and antioxidant activity of ulam
and the roles of phenolic content that can contribute to attenuation
of cognitive decline. The review includes randomized controlled
trial and experimental studies from year 2007 to 2017. In this
review, PRISMA method was used to report
the results (n=15). Phenolic compounds, ie
plants’ second metabolites of selected ulam
in South East Asia were also discussed in this review, with
respect to its potential for health promotion which and reducing
the risk of cognitive disease. Oenanthe
javanica (selom),
Ocimum basilicum (daun selasih) and Anacardium occidentale L. (pucuk gajus) were ranked in the top three highest TPC
among all the selected ulam.
In general, Polygonum minus (kesum), Anacardium occidentale L. (pucuk gajus) and Cosmos caudatus (ulam raja) exhibited
high DPPH radical scavenging activity whereas Anacardium occidentale L. (pucuk gajus) exhibited highest
ferric ion reducing potential (FRAP) among all the selected ulam in South East Asia countries. Overall, some studies
had shown Centella asiatica
(pegaga), Oenanthe
javanica (selom), Polygonum minus (kesum),
Ocimum basilicum
(daun selasih) and Murraya koenigii (daun kari)
are beneficial in improving cognitive status and mood. The
bioactive compounds in ulam may
exhibit neuroprotective effects but human studies are still lacking
in exploring the relationship between ulam
consumption and cognitive status. Keywords: Antioxidant; cognitive;
mood; phenolic; ulam ABSTRAK Ulam merupakan sayuran
tradisi Asia Tenggara yang mengandungi
kandungan fenolik
yang tinggi dan menunjukkan
aktiviti antioksidan. Beberapa kajian melaporkan ulam berpotensi sebagai pelindung neuro.
Objektif kertas ini adalah untuk
membandingkan jumlah
kandungan fenolik (TPC),
aktiviti antioksidan
ulam serta peranan
kandungan fenolik
yang mengelakkan penyusutan fungsi kognitif. Ulasan kertas ini meliputi
ujian klinikal
dan uji kaji
dari tahun
2007 hingga 2017. Dalam ulasan ini, kaedah
PRISMA
digunakan untuk
melaporkan keputusan
(n=15).
Sebatian
fenolik, i.e. metabolit sekunder tumbuhan daripada beberapa ulam terpilih di Asia Tenggara juga
dibincangkan dalam
ulasan ini daripada
segi potensinya
dalam mempromosikan kesihatan dan mengelakkan
penyusutan fungsi
kognitif. Oenanthe javanica (selom),
Ocimum basilicum
(daun selasih) dan
Anacardium occidentale
L. (pucuk gajus)
merupakan tiga TPC yang
tertinggi dalam
kalangan semua ulam terpilih. Secara umum, Polygonum minus (kesum), Anacardium occidentale L. (pucuk gajus) dan
Cosmos caudatus
(ulam raja) menunjukkan aktiviti pemotongan radikal DPPH yang tinggi
manakala Anacardium occidentale L. (pucuk gajus) menunjukkan potensi penurunan ion ferik tertinggi dalam kalangan semua ulam yang terpilih di negara-negara Asia Tenggara.
Secara keseluruhan,
beberapa kajian
telah menunjukkan Centella asiatica (pegaga), Oenanthe javanica (selom), Polygonum minus (kesum), Ocimum basilicum (daun selasih) dan
Murraya koenigii
(daun kari)
bermanfaat dalam
meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dan emosi.
Sebatian
bioaktif dalam ulam berpotensi memberi kesan sebagai
pelindung neuro namun
kajian manusia yang menerokai hubungan antara pengambilan ulam dengan status kognitif masih terhad. Kata kunci: Antioksidan;
emosi; fenolik;
kognitif; ulam RUJUKAN Amalia,
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