2026 11(1)
JUNE 2026
Cadangan Garis Panduan Kebebasan Bersuara di Media Sosial Menurut Perspektif Islam
Proposed Guidelines for Freedom of Speech on Social Media According to Islamic Perspective
Ahmad Syakir Mohd Nor Ilman, syakir.skkd@gmail.com
Pusat Kajian Syariah, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Zuliza Mohd Kusrin
Pusat Kajian Syariah, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Received: Sept 9, 2025 | Revised: May 18, 2026 | Accepted: June 3, 2026 | Published: June 15, 2026
2026, Vol. 11(1), pp. 126-136. | PDF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26475/jcil.2026.11.1.15
Kewujudan media baharu memberi kemudahan kepada individu dalam menyuarakan pendapat ataupun kebebasan bersuara di pelbagai ruangan komen di media sosial. Namun, terdapat komen yang dilontarkan berbentuk negatif, komentar netizen yang kasar dan tidak selari dengan Islam. Keadaan sedemikian cenderung mencetuskan pergaduhan sesama pengguna media sosial. Objektif kajian ini menganalisa konsep kebebasan bersuara menurut Islam serta membuat pemerhatian terhadap amalan kebebasan bersuara di media sosial melalui medium Facebook. Metodologi kajian adalah kualitatif iaitu dengan kaedah analisis dokumen-dokumen seperti al-Qur’an, hadith, buku-buku dan artikel jurnal. Pemerhatian terhadap pengguna media sosial difokuskan kepada laman sesawang Facebook. Data terkumpul dianalisis secara tematik dan dipersembahkan mengikut tema-tema bersesuaian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kebebasan bersuara ini tidak mutlak dan terhad sepertimana perbahasan dalam usul fiqh dan kaedah fiqh, selari dengan tuntuan Islam. Pemerhatian yang dijalankan juga mendapati bahawa terdapat amalan kebebasan bersuara oleh netizen yang bercanggah dengan Islam kerana terdapat penggunaan kata-kata kesat seperti bangang, ‘buto’ dan bodoh, serta perkataan yang berbentuk negatif seperti sindiran, fitnah dan lain-lain. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan suatu garis panduan kebebasan bersuara menurut Islam sebagai panduan komunikasi yang lebih harmoni dalam kalangan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci
Kebebasan Bersuara, Netizen, Media Sosial, Islam, Facebook
The existence of new media provides convenience for individuals in voicing opinions or freedom of speech in various comment sections on social media. However, there are comments that are negative, netizen comments that are rude and not in line with Islam. Such situations tend to trigger fights among social media users. The objective of this study is to analyze the concept of freedom of speech according to Islam and to make observations on the practice of freedom of speech on social media through the medium of Facebook. The study methodology is qualitative, namely by analyzing documents such as the Qur’an, hadith, books and journal articles. Observations on social media users are focused on the Facebook website. The collected data is analyzed thematically and presented according to appropriate themes. The results of the study found that this freedom of speech is not absolute and limited as discussed in the usul fiqh and methodology of fiqh, in line with the demands of Islam. The observations conducted also found that there are practices of freedom of speech by netizens that contradict Islam because there is the use of abusive words such as bangang, ‘buto’ and bodoh, as well as negative words such as sarcasm, slander and others. The implications of this study suggest a guideline for freedom of speech according to Islam as a guide to more harmonious communication within society.
KEYWORDS
Freedom of Speech, Netizen, Social Media, Islam, Facebook
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