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A Plasma Treatment Machine is a specialized laboratory or industrial device used to modify the surfaces of materials by exposing them to a low-temperature, highly reactive ionized gas (plasma).
How It Works / Principle: The machine operates by generating a plasma—the fourth state of matter—inside a vacuum chamber. A vacuum pump removes air and non-process gases from the chamber to reach a low-pressure environment. A specific process gas (e.g., Ar, O2, CF4, or H2) is introduced into the chamber. Radio frequency (RF) power is applied to electrodes, which energizes the gas molecules. The energy strips electrons from the gas atoms, creating a plasma composed of ions, free radicals, electrons, and neutral species.
Key Features & Advantages
Precision and Uniformity: Provides highly uniform and repeatable surface modification across the entire substrate area
Controllable Surface Chemistry: Allows for precise control over the type of chemical groups introduced onto the surface (e.g., hydroxyl, amino, or carboxyl groups)
Ultra-Cleaning Capability: Capable of ultra-fine cleaning to remove invisible organic residues down to the nanoscale, which is crucial for bonding and coating
Non-Thermal Damage: Operates at low temperatures (non-thermal plasma), allowing the treatment of heat-sensitive materials like polymers and biological substrates without damage
Applications: Biomedical devices, microelectronics/semiconductor, microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip, Adhesion Improvement and Adhesion Improvement
How It Works / Principle
Current (I) is sourced between the two outer probes, while the resulting voltage (V) drop is measured across the two inner probes. Since I and V are measured independently of the high-resistance contacts, the resulting resistivity (ρ) or sheet resistance (Rs) calculation is highly accurate using geometric correction factors. The principle is based on Ohm’s Law (R=V/I).
In C-V configurations, the system measures the capacitance (C) of a device as a function of the applied voltage (V). This principle allows for the calculation of critical parameters like doping concentration, flat-band voltage, and oxide thickness
Key Features & Advantages
High Accuracy: Provides significantly more accurate resistance measurements than two-point probes by eliminating contact resistance errors.
Non-Destructive/Minimal Damage:The probes make only a minimal physical contact with the sample surface.
Versatility: Capable of measuring a wide range of materials, including conductive thin films, semiconductors, and even novel 2D materials.
Applications Thin Film Characterization, Material Research, Device Physics, Quality Control
How It Works / Principle
The analyzer applies a small, alternating current (AC) excitation signal (voltage or current, typically sinusoidal) to the Device Under Test (DUT) across a range of frequencies. It then measures the resulting AC current and voltage across the DUT.
Key Features & Advantages
Wide Frequency Range: Capable of sweeping measurements from low Hertz (Hz) to high GigaHertz (GHz), enabling characterization from slow electrochemical processes to high-speed RF circuits.
Applications
Materials Science, Electrochemistry/Batteries, Sensor Development, Component Testing, Biological Systems
Laboratory oven is designed for precise temperature control and uniform heating, primarily used for routine drying, sterilization, aging, conditioning, and curing of various materials and samples.
The oven heats the chamber air to a set point and maintains it with high stability and homogeneity. Electrical heating elements (typically positioned around the chamber walls) generate heat. A highly precise PID controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) constantly monitors the internal temperature via sensors and adjusts the power supplied to the heating elements, ensuring the temperature remains stable with minimal overshoot.
Material drying, sterilization, curing and aging, conditioning and thermal testing and general laboratory heating
How It Works / Principle
The process is based on dry heat sterilization, where high temperatures (>160oC) are maintained for a specific duration to destroy all microbial life, including spores. Electrical heating elements heat the air within the chamber. A precise PID controller and sensors maintain the set sterilization temperature (e.g., 180oC ) with exceptional accuracy and stability. Heat transfer relies solely on the natural buoyancy and density differences of the heated air. This creates a gentle and silent circulation pattern, ensuring the chamber atmosphere is uniform without disturbing light or sensitive materials. The machine executes a programmed cycle that includes a heating phase, a holding time (the actual sterilization period), and a cooling phase, ensuring compliance with relevant sterilization standards.
Compliance: Meets stringent national and international sterilization standards (DIN 12880 etc.)
Gentle Treatment: Natural convection provides a non-turbulent, gentle environment, ideal for materials (like powders, delicate glassware, or packaged goods) that should not be disturbed by forced air circulation.
Applications Laboratory Sterilization, Medical/Dental Practices, Pharmaceutical Industry, Drying and Heat Treatment
Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics
Level 4, Research Complex,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43000 Bangi
Email: imen@ukm.edu.my
Phone: +603-8911 8020 /
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