Geology involving structural geology, geophysics, engineering geology, and environmental geology. Research in geology focuses on the stratigraphy, diagenesis, and sedimentology of both contemporary and historical carbonate systems. The research specification focuses on geo-related hazards such as landslides and floods, tectonic-induced hazards such as earthquakes and liquefaction, as well as ground and underground issues such as contaminations, pollutions, and settlements. It also specialises in determining the structure of the upper mantle and crust by using a variety of imaging techniques. Environmental geochemistry, hydrogeology, and environmental remediation are all active research areas