Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law
No eISSN: 0127-788X2021 6(2)
15 DECEMBER 2021
Akad Jual Beli dalam Talian Berasaskan Prinsip Fiqh Muamalat
Contract of Sale and Purchase via Online from Fiqh Muamalat Principles
Roshaimizam Suhaimi, roshaimizam@uitm.edu.my
Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pulau Pinang
Ismail Ahmad, drismailahmad@uitm.edu.my
Fakulti Pengurusan dan Perniagaan, Universiti Teknologi MARA Johor
Mohd Hapiz Mahaiyadin, mohdhapiz659@uitm.edu.my
Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam
Ezani Yaakub, ezani@uitm.edu.my
Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam
Jasni Sulong, jasni@usm.my
Pusat Pengajian Ilmu Kemanusiaan, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Received: 12 August 2021 | Accepted: 11 November 2021 | Published: 15 December 2021
2021, Vol. 6(2), pp. 1-11. | PDF
Akad jual beli dalam talian adalah satu bentuk akad jual beli yang dibentuk, dilaksana, digubal dan dinyatakan oleh sistem perisian komputer dengan sokongan rangkaian perhubungan internet melibatkan pihak yang saling berjauhan bagi menyempurnakan sesuatu akad. Akad ini sinonim dengan transaksi melibatkan aktiviti perbankan, lelongan, jual beli atau lain-lain perkhidmatan seperti penyediaan tapak laman web. Ianya dilaksanakan sama ada melalui pasar maya atau portal, borang dalam talian, media sosial atau emel. Disebabkan akad jual beli dalam talian adalah satu kaedah moden dalam membentuk akad, maka satu penjelasan fiqh yang praktikal diperlukan bagi memastikan prinsip-prinsip yang digariskan dalam fiqh muamalat dipatuhi. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bagi meneliti kepatuhan prinsip fiqh dalam akad jual beli dalam talian. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini dijalankan berasaskan kaedah kepustakaan dengan penelitian karya-karya fiqh dan kajian semasa yang telah dijalankan bagi mendapatkan rumusan dan dapatan yang jelas bagi akad jual beli dalam talian patuh syariah. Seterusnya, hasil kajian merumuskan prinsip-prinsip penting fiqh bagi akad jual beli dalam talian yang dilaksanakan sama ada dalam bentuk bayn al-hadirayn atau bayn al-gha’ibin. Hasil kajian menunjukkan akad jual beli dalam talian yang menghasilkan mesej digital (elektronik) memberi gambaran kepada wujudnya sighah akad secara bertulis .
Kata kunci: kerelaan, bayn al-ghaibin, bayn al-hadirayn, portal jual beli dalam talian, media sosial.
E-commerce contract is formed, executed, drafted, and expressed by a computer software system with the support of an internet connection network. Electronic contracts are executed by connecting distant parties through a network of contacts to complete transactions or contracts that are agreed upon between them. This contract is in line with a contract entered through the internet network involving banking transactions, auctions, sales, or other services such as in providing a website. The contract can be executed with the concept of exchange between the contracting parties through virtual markets, online forms, social media, or email as an agreed transaction between two or more parties. The contract is ruled as legally valid even using electronic intermediaries, because of electronic transactions nowadays become a modern method of forming contracts. Therefore, a practical explanation of fiqh is needed to ensure that the principles outlined in muamalat fiqh are adhered to. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the compliance of fiqh principles in e-commerce contracts. The study was conducted based on the library method by studying classical fiqh and current research that have been conducted to obtain clear conclusions and findings for shariah-compliant e-commerce contracts. Next, the results of the study will summarize the critical elements of fiqh for e-commerce contracts implemented either in the form of bayn al-hadirayn or bayn al-gha’ibin. In addition, an important principle of shariah compliance in the purchasing contract that is the principle of voluntariness is displayed through that communication in writing form resulting from electronic messages..
Keywords: willingness, inter absentes, inter presentes, e-comerce portal, social media .
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